In this paper we give the topological classification of real primary Kodaira surfaces and we describe in detail the structure of the corresponding moduli space. Moreover, we use the notion of the orbifold fundamental group of a real variety, which was also the main tool in the classification of real hyperelliptic surfaces achieved in [10]. Our first result is that if (S,sygma) is a real primary Kodaira surface, then the differentiable tupe of the pair (S,sygma) is completely determined by the orbifold...