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Graph fibrations, graph isomorphism, and PageRank

Paolo Boldi, Violetta Lonati, Massimo Santini, Sebastiano Vigna (2006)

RAIRO - Theoretical Informatics and Applications

PageRank is a ranking method that assigns scores to web pages using the limit distribution of a random walk on the web graph. A fibration of graphs is a morphism that is a local isomorphism of in-neighbourhoods, much in the same way a covering projection is a local isomorphism of neighbourhoods. We show that a deep connection relates fibrations and Markov chains with restart, a particular kind of Markov chains that include the PageRank one as a special case. This fact provides constraints on the...

Hall exponents of matrices, tournaments and their line digraphs

Richard A. Brualdi, Kathleen P. Kiernan (2011)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

Let A be a square ( 0 , 1 ) -matrix. Then A is a Hall matrix provided it has a nonzero permanent. The Hall exponent of A is the smallest positive integer k , if such exists, such that A k is a Hall matrix. The Hall exponent has received considerable attention, and we both review and expand on some of its properties. Viewing A as the adjacency matrix of a digraph, we prove several properties of the Hall exponents of line digraphs with some emphasis on line digraphs of tournament (matrices).

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