Stiff derivations of commutative rings
A -ring is strongly 2-nil--clean if every element in is the sum of two projections and a nilpotent that commute. Fundamental properties of such -rings are obtained. We prove that a -ring is strongly 2-nil--clean if and only if for all , is strongly nil--clean, if and only if for any there exists a -tripotent such that is nilpotent and , if and only if is a strongly -clean SN ring, if and only if is abelian, is nil and is -tripotent. Furthermore, we explore the structure...
An associated ring R with identity is said to be a left FTF ring when the class of the submodules of flat left R-modules is closed under injective hulls and direct products. We prove (Theorem 3.5) that a strongly graded ring R by a locally finite group G is FTF if and only if Re is left FTF, where e is a neutral element of G. This provides new examples of left FTF rings. Some consequences of this Theorem are given.
We interpret the collection of invertible bimodules as a groupoid and call it the Picard groupoid. We use this groupoid to generalize the classical construction of crossed products to what we call groupoid crossed products, and show that these coincide with the class of strongly groupoid graded rings. We then use groupoid crossed products to obtain a generalization from the group graded situation to the groupoid graded case of the bijection from a second cohomology group, defined by the grading...
Certaines relations binaires sont définies sur les demi-groupes et les demi-groupes à involution. On examine comment elles peuvent en ordonner les éléments: notamment les idempotents, les éléments réguliers au sens de von Neumann, ceux qui possédent un inverse ponctuel ou de Moore-Penrose ; et en fonction aussi de conditions sur l'involution. Ces relations peuvent alors coïncider avec les ordres naturels des idempotents et des demi-groupes inverses, avec les ordres de Drazin et de Hartwig : elles...
Il est démontré que toute a.d.g.c. ayant un modèle minimal de Sullivan de type fini peut être représentée par une certaine algèbre de Lie différentielle graduée de dérivations. En particulier on peut ainsi représenter le type d’homotopie rationnelle d’un espace topologique.