Trattiamo sistemi lagrangiani su varietà, sia autonomi che periodici, e introduciamo un indice di Morse medio per misure invarianti, che generalizza l'indice medio delle orbite periodiche. Dimostriamo che, se lo spazio delle configurazioni è una varietà compatta con gruppo fondamentale finito, gli indici medi delle orbite periodiche sono densi in ${\mathbb{R}}^{+}$. Per sistemi periodici, deduciamo l'esistenza di particolari successioni di orbite chiuse, che convergono a misure invarianti di indice medio fissato....

On présente une formule explicite pour la constante de Sobolev logarithmique correspondant à des diffusions réelles ou à des processus entiers de vie et de mort, sous l’hypothèse que certaines quantités, naturellement associées à des inégalités de Hardy dans ce contexte, approchent leur supremum au bord de leur domaine de définition. La preuve se ramène au cas de la constante de Poincaré, à l’aide de comparaisons exactes entre entropie et variances appropriées.

We study ergodic properties of stochastic dissipative systems with additive noise. We show that the system is uniformly exponentially ergodic provided the growth of nonlinearity at infinity is faster than linear. The abstract result is applied to the stochastic reaction diffusion equation in ${ℝ}^d$ with $d\le 3$.

In this paper we investigate the growth of finitely generated groups. We recall the definition of the algebraic entropy of a group and show that if the group is acting as a discrete subgroup of the isometry group of a Cartan–Hadamard manifold with pinched negative curvature then a Tits alternative is true. More precisely the group is either virtually nilpotent or has a uniform growth bounded below by an explicit constant.

Suppose that $𝒢$ is a finite, connected graph and $X$ is a lazy random walk on $𝒢$. The lamplighter chain $X^{\diamond }$ associated with $X$ is the random walk on the wreath product ${𝒢}^{\diamond }={𝐙}_2\wr 𝒢$, the graph whose vertices consist of pairs $(\underline{f},x)$ where $f$ is a labeling of the vertices of $𝒢$ by elements of ${𝐙}_2=\{0,1\}$ and $x$ is a vertex in $𝒢$. There is an edge between $(\underline{f},x)$ and $(\underline{g},y)$ in ${𝒢}^{\diamond }$ if and only if $x$ is adjacent to $y$ in $𝒢$ and $f_z=g_z$ for all $z\ne x,y$. In each step, $X^{\diamond }$ moves from a configuration $(\underline{f},x)$ by updating $x$ to $y$ using the transition rule of $X$ and then sampling both...

We improve and subsume the conditions of Johansson and Öberg and Berbee for uniqueness of a $g$-measure, i.e., a stationary distribution for chains with complete connections. In addition, we prove that these unique $g$-measures have Bernoulli natural extensions. We also conclude that we have convergence in the Wasserstein metric of the iterates of the adjoint transfer operator to the $g$-measure.

We prove that by considering a finitary (almost continuous) symbolic extension of a topological dynamical system instead of a continuous extension, one cannot achieve any drop of the entropy of the extension.