Un mot sturmien est la discrétisation d’une droite de pente irrationnelle. Un nombre de Sturm est la pente d’un mot sturmien qui est invariant par une substitution non triviale. Ces nombres sont certains irrationnels quadratiques caractérisés par la forme de leur développement en fraction continue. Nous donnons une caractérisation très simple des nombres de Sturm : un nombre irrationnel positif est de Sturm (de première espèce) si et seulement s’il est quadratique et à conjugué négatif.

We investigate the structure of kneading sequences that belong to unimodal maps for which the omega-limit set of the turning point is a minimal Cantor set. We define a scheme that can be used to generate uniformly recurrent and regularly recurrent infinite sequences over a finite alphabet. It is then shown that if the kneading sequence of a unimodal map can be generated from one of these schemes, then the omega-limit set of the turning point must be a minimal Cantor set.

Let $\sigma$ be a unimodular Pisot substitution over a $d$ letter alphabet and let $X_1,...,X_d$ be the associated Rauzy fractals. In the present paper we want to investigate the boundaries $\partial X_i$ ($1\le i\le d$) of these fractals. To this matter we define a certain graph, the so-called contact graph$𝒞$ of $\sigma$. If $\sigma$ satisfies a combinatorial condition called the super coincidence condition the contact graph can be used to set up a self-affine graph directed system whose attractors are certain pieces of the boundaries $\partial X_1,...,\partial X_d$. From this graph...

We prove that by considering a finitary (almost continuous) symbolic extension of a topological dynamical system instead of a continuous extension, one cannot achieve any drop of the entropy of the extension.