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The Clairaut's theorem on rotational surfaces in pseudo-Euclidean 4-space with index 2

Fatma Almaz, Mihriban A. Külahci (2024)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

Clairaut’s theorem is expressed on the surfaces of rotation in semi Euclidean 4-space. Moreover, the general equations of time-like geodesic curves are characterized according to the results of Clairaut's theorem on the hyperbolic surfaces of rotation and the elliptic surface of rotation, respectively.

The Group of Invertible Elements of the Algebra of Quaternions

Irina A. Kuzmina, Marie Chodorová (2016)

Acta Universitatis Palackianae Olomucensis. Facultas Rerum Naturalium. Mathematica

We have, that all two-dimensional subspaces of the algebra of quaternions, containing a unit, are 2-dimensional subalgebras isomorphic to the algebra of complex numbers. It was proved in the papers of N. E. Belova. In the present article we consider a 2-dimensional subalgebra ( i ) of complex numbers with basis 1 , i and we construct the principal locally trivial bundle which is isomorphic to the Hopf fibration.

The structure of reachable sets for affine control systems induced by generalized Martinet sub-lorentzian metrics

Marek Grochowski (2012)

ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations

In this paper we investigate analytic affine control systems q ˙ q̇ = X + uY, u ∈  [a,b] , where X,Y is an orthonormal frame for a generalized Martinet sub-Lorentzian structure of order k of Hamiltonian type. We construct normal forms for such systems and, among other things, we study the connection between the presence of the singular trajectory starting at q0 on the boundary of the reachable set from q0 with the minimal number of analytic functions needed for describing the reachable set from q0.

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