A few topological problems
We present an overview of generalizations of Banach's fixed point theorem and continuation results for contractions, i.e., results establishing that the existence of a fixed point is preserved by suitable homotopies. We will consider single-valued and multi-valued contractions in metric and in gauge spaces.
Theorem. In ZF (i.e., Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice) the following conditions are equivalent: (1) is a Lindelöf space, (2) is a Lindelöf space, (3) is a Lindelöf space, (4) every topological space with a countable base is a Lindelöf space, (5) every subspace of is separable, (6) in , a point is in the closure of a set iff there exists a sequence in that converges to , (7) a function is continuous at a point iff is sequentially continuous at , (8)...