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On the Compactness and Countable Compactness of 2 in ZF

Kyriakos Keremedis, Evangelos Felouzis, Eleftherios Tachtsis (2007)

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Mathematics

In the framework of ZF (Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory without the Axiom of Choice) we provide topological and Boolean-algebraic characterizations of the statements " 2 is countably compact" and " 2 is compact"

On the complexity of subspaces of S ω

Carlos Uzcátegui (2003)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

Let (X,τ) be a countable topological space. We say that τ is an analytic (resp. Borel) topology if τ as a subset of the Cantor set 2 X (via characteristic functions) is an analytic (resp. Borel) set. For example, the topology of the Arkhangel’skiĭ-Franklin space S ω is F σ δ . In this paper we study the complexity, in the sense of the Borel hierarchy, of subspaces of S ω . We show that S ω has subspaces with topologies of arbitrarily high Borel rank and it also has subspaces with a non-Borel topology. Moreover,...

On the connectedness of boundary and complement for domains

Andrzej Czarnecki, Marcin Kulczycki, Wojciech Lubawski (2011)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

This article gives a short and elementary proof of the fact that the connectedness of the boundary of an open domain in ℝⁿ is equivalent to the connectedness of its complement.

On the continuity of the elements of the Ellis semigroup and other properties

Salvador García-Ferreira, Yackelin Rodríguez-López, Carlos Uzcátegui (2021)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

We consider discrete dynamical systems whose phase spaces are compact metrizable countable spaces. In the first part of the article, we study some properties that guarantee the continuity of all functions of the corresponding Ellis semigroup. For instance, if every accumulation point of X is fixed, we give a necessary and sufficient condition on a point a X ' in order that all functions of the Ellis semigroup E ( X , f ) be continuous at the given point a . In the second part, we consider transitive dynamical...

On the convergence and character spectra of compact spaces

István Juhász, William A. R. Weiss (2010)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

An infinite set A in a space X converges to a point p (denoted by A → p) if for every neighbourhood U of p we have |A∖U| < |A|. We call cS(p,X) = |A|: A ⊂ X and A → p the convergence spectrum of p in X and cS(X) = ⋃cS(x,X): x ∈ X the convergence spectrum of X. The character spectrum of a point p ∈ X is χS(p,X) = χ(p,Y): p is non-isolated in Y ⊂ X, and χS(X) = ⋃χS(x,X): x ∈ X is the character spectrum of X. If κ ∈ χS(p,X) for a compactum X then κ,cf(κ) ⊂ cS(p,X). A selection of our results (X...

On the existence of true uniform ultrafilters

Petr Simon (2004)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

We shall show that there is an ultrafilter on singular κ with countable cofinality, which cannot be reached from the set of all subuniform ultrafilters by iterating the closure of sets of size < κ .

On the extensibility of closed filters in T 1 spaces and the existence of well orderable filter bases

Kyriakos Keremedis, Eleftherios Tachtsis (1999)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

We show that the statement CCFC = “the character of a maximal free filter F of closed sets in a T 1 space ( X , T ) is not countable” is equivalent to the Countable Multiple Choice Axiom CMC and, the axiom of choice AC is equivalent to the statement CFE 0 = “closed filters in a T 0 space ( X , T ) extend to maximal closed filters”. We also show that AC is equivalent to each of the assertions: “every closed filter in a T 1 space ( X , T ) extends to a maximal closed filter with a well orderable filter base”, “for every set A ,...

On the extent of separable, locally compact, selectively (a)-spaces

Samuel G. da Silva (2015)

Colloquium Mathematicae

The author has recently shown (2014) that separable, selectively (a)-spaces cannot include closed discrete subsets of size . It follows that, assuming CH, separable selectively (a)-spaces necessarily have countable extent. However, in the same paper it is shown that the weaker hypothesis " 2 < 2 " is not enough to ensure the countability of all closed discrete subsets of such spaces. In this paper we show that if one adds the hypothesis of local compactness, a specific effective (i.e., Borel) parametrized...

On the extent of star countable spaces

Ofelia Alas, Lucia Junqueira, Jan Mill, Vladimir Tkachuk, Richard Wilson (2011)

Open Mathematics

For a topological property P, we say that a space X is star Pif for every open cover Uof the space X there exists Y ⊂ X such that St(Y,U) = X and Y has P. We consider star countable and star Lindelöf spaces establishing, among other things, that there exists first countable pseudocompact spaces which are not star Lindelöf. We also describe some classes of spaces in which star countability is equivalent to countable extent and show that a star countable space with a dense σ-compact subspace can have...

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