Coassociative grammar, periodic orbits, and quantum random walk over .
Take finitely many topological spaces and for each pair of these spaces choose a pair of corresponding closed subspaces that are identified by a homeomorphism. We note that this gluing procedure does not guarantee that the building pieces, or the gluings of some pieces, are embedded in the space obtained by putting together all given ingredients. Dually, we show that a certain sufficient condition, called the cocycle condition, is also necessary to guarantee sheaf-like properties of surjective multi-pullbacks...
Degenerations, contractions and deformations of various algebraic structures play an important role in mathematics and physics. There are many different definitions and special cases of these notions. We try to give a general definition which unifies these notions and shows the connections among them. Here we focus on contractions of Lie algebras and algebraic groups.
Contractions of Poisson-Lie groups are introduced by using Lie bialgebra contractions. As an application, contractions of SL(2,R) Poisson-Lie groups leading to (1+1) Poincaré and Heisenberg structures are analysed. It is shown how the method here introduced allows a systematic construction of the Poisson structures associated to non-coboundary Lie bialgebras. Finally, it is sketched how contractions are also implemented after quantization by using the Lie bialgebra approach.
In this paper, we develop the crystal basis theory for the quantum queer superalgebra . We define the notion of crystal bases and prove the tensor product rule for -modules in the category . Our main theorem shows that every -module in the category has a unique crystal basis.