Hamiltonicity and the 3-Opt procedure for the traveling Salesman problem
The 3-Opt procedure deals with interchanging three edges of a tour with three edges not on that tour. For n≥6, the 3-Interchange Graph is a graph on 1/2(n-1)! vertices, corresponding to the hamiltonian tours in K_n; two vertices are adjacent iff the corresponding hamiltonian tours differ in an interchange of 3 edges; i.e. the tours differ in a single 3-Opt step. It is shown that the 3-Interchange Graph is a hamiltonian subgraph of the Symmetric Traveling Salesman Polytope. Upper bounds are derived...