Factorization of natural numbers in algebraic number fields
We consider a conjecture of Erdős and Rosenfeld and a conjecture of Ruzsa when the number is a perfect square. In particular, we show that every perfect square n can have at most five divisors between and .
Given any global field of characteristic , we construct a Châtelet surface over that fails to satisfy the Hasse principle. This failure is due to a Brauer-Manin obstruction. This construction extends a result of Poonen to characteristic , thereby showing that the étale-Brauer obstruction is insufficient to explain all failures of the Hasse principle over a global field of any characteristic.
This is a summary of some of the main results in the monograph Faithfully Ordered Rings (Mem. Amer. Math. Soc. 2015), presented by the first author at the ALANT conference, Będlewo, Poland, June 8-13, 2014. The notions involved and the results are stated in detail, the techniques employed briefly outlined, but proofs are omitted. We focus on those aspects of the cited monograph concerning (diagonal) quadratic forms over preordered rings.
Grauert and Manin showed that a non-isotrivial family of compact complex hyperbolic curves has finitely many sections. We consider a generic moving enough family of high enough degree hypersurfaces in a complex projective space. We show the existence of a strict closed subset of its total space that contains the image of all its sections.
We give a down-to-earth introduction to the theory of families of modular forms, and discuss elementary proofs of results suggesting that modular forms come in families.