We assign to each pair of positive integers and a digraph whose set of vertices is and for which there is a directed edge from to if . The digraph is semiregular if there exists a positive integer such that each vertex of the digraph has indegree or 0. Generalizing earlier results of the authors for the case in which , we characterize all semiregular digraphs when is arbitrary.
Let G be an additive finite abelian group. For every positive integer ℓ, let be the smallest positive integer t such that each sequence S over G of length |S| ≥ t has a nonempty zero-sum subsequence of length not equal to ℓ. In this paper, we determine for certain finite groups, including cyclic groups, the groups and elementary abelian 2-groups. Following Girard, we define disc(G) as the smallest positive integer t such that every sequence S over G with |S| ≥ t has nonempty zero-sum subsequences...
Let be the polynomial ring over the finite field , and let be the subset of containing all polynomials of degree strictly less than N. Define D(N) to be the maximal cardinality of a set for which A-A contains no squares of polynomials. By combining the polynomial Hardy-Littlewood circle method with the density increment technology developed by Pintz, Steiger and Szemerédi, we prove that .