Let $R$ be an exchange ring in which all regular elements are one-sided unit-regular. Then every regular element in $R$ is the sum of an idempotent and a one-sided unit. Furthermore, we extend this result to exchange rings satisfying related comparability.

In this paper we investigate the related comparability over exchange rings. It is shown that an exchange ring R satisfies the related comparability if and only if for any regular x C R, there exists a related unit w C R and a group G in R such that wx C G.

We characterize exchange rings having stable range one. An exchange ring $R$ has stable range one if and only if for any regular $a\in R$, there exist an $e\in E\left(R\right)$ and a $u\in U\left(R\right)$ such that $a=e+u$ and $aR\cap eR=0$ if and only if for any regular $a\in R$, there exist $e\in r.ann\left(a^{+}\right)$ and $u\in U\left(R\right)$ such that $a=e+u$ if and only if for any $a,b\in R$, $R/aR\cong R/bR⟹aR\cong bR$.

By a rotation in a Euclidean space V of even dimension we mean an orthogonal linear operator on V which is an orthogonal direct sum of rotations in 2-dimensional linear subspaces of V by a common angle α ∈ [0,π]. We present a criterion for the existence of a 2-dimensional subspace of V which is invariant under a given pair of rotations, in terms of the vanishing of a determinant associated with that pair. This criterion is constructive, whenever it is satisfied. It is also used to prove that every...

Existence of proper Gorenstein projective resolutions and Tate cohomology is proved over rings with a dualizing complex. The proofs are based on Bousfield Localization which is originally a method from algebraic topology.

In this paper we introduce the notion of existentially closed Leibniz algebras. Then we use HNN-extensions of Leibniz algebras in order to prove an embedding theorem.

Let $R$ be a ring. In two previous articles [12, 14] we studied the homotopy category $𝐊\left(R\text{-}\mathrm{Proj}\right)$ of projective $R$-modules. We produced a set of generators for this category, proved that the category is ${\aleph }_1$-compactly generated for any ring $R$, and showed that it need not always be compactly generated, but is for sufficiently nice $R$. We furthermore analyzed the inclusion $j_{!}^{}:𝐊\left(R\text{-}\mathrm{Proj}\right)\to 𝐊\left(R\text{-}\mathrm{Flat}\right)$ and the orthogonal subcategory $𝒮={𝐊\left(R\text{-}\mathrm{Proj}\right)}^{\perp }$. And we even showed that the inclusion $𝒮\to 𝐊\left(R\text{-}\mathrm{Flat}\right)$ has a right adjoint; this forces some natural map to be an equivalence...

In analogy with earlier work on the forward-backward case, we consider an explicit construction of the forward-forward double stochastic product integral ${\prod }^{\to \to }(1+dr)$ with generator $dr=\lambda (d{A}^{†}\otimes dA-dA\otimes d{A}^{†})$. The method of construction is to approximate the product integral by a discrete double product ${\prod }_{(j,k)\in {\mathbb{N}}_m\times \mathbb{N}ₙ}^{\to \to }\Gamma \left(R_{m,n}^{(j,k)}\right)=\Gamma \left({\prod }_{(j,k)\in {\mathbb{N}}_m\times \mathbb{N}ₙ}^{\to \to }\left(R_{m,n}^{(j,k)}\right)\right)$ of second quantised rotations $R_{m,n}^{(j,k)}$ in different planes using the embedding of ${ℂ}^m\oplus ℂⁿ$ into L²(ℝ) ⊕ L²(ℝ) in which the standard orthonormal bases of ${ℂ}^m$ and ℂⁿ are mapped to the orthonormal sets consisting of normalised indicator functions of...

We study effectively the Cartan geometry of Levi-nondegenerate C 6-smooth hypersurfaces M 3 in ℂ2. Notably, we present the so-called curvature function of a related Tanaka-type normal connection explicitly in terms of a graphing function for M, which is the initial, single available datum. Vanishing of this curvature function then characterizes explicitly the local biholomorphic equivalence of such M 3 ⊂ ℂ2 to the Heisenberg sphere ℍ3, such M’s being necessarily real analytic.

Partially supported by grant RFFI 98-01-01020.Let Uc be the variety of associative algebras generated by the algebra of all upper triangular matrices, the field being arbitrary. We prove that the upper exponent of any subvariety V ⊂ Uc coincides with the lower exponent and is an integer.