Characterizations of snowflake metric spaces.
Some kinds of perfect spaces, including paracompact perfectly normal spaces and collectionwise normal perfect spaces, are characterized in terms of continuous selections avoiding supporting sets. A necessary and sufficient condition on a domain space for a selection theorem of E. Michael [Fund. Math. 47 (1959), 173-178] to hold is also obtained.
A topological space is said to be -Lindelöf [1] if every cover of by cozero sets of admits a countable subcover. In this paper, we obtain new characterizations and preservation theorems of -Lindelöf spaces.
We prove that a continuum X is tree-like (resp. circle-like, chainable) if and only if for each open cover 𝓤₄ = {U₁,U₂,U₃,U₄} of X there is a 𝓤₄-map f: X → Y onto a tree (resp. onto the circle, onto the interval). A continuum X is an acyclic curve if and only if for each open cover 𝓤₃ = {U₁,U₂,U₃} of X there is a 𝓤₃-map f: X → Y onto a tree (or the interval [0,1]).
It is shown that the hyperspace (resp. ) of non-empty closed (resp. closed and bounded) subsets of a metric space (X,d) is homeomorphic to ℓ₂ if and only if the completion X̅ of X is connected and locally connected, X is topologically complete and nowhere locally compact, and each subset (resp. each bounded subset) of X is totally bounded.
In [5], W. Taylor shows that each particular compact polyhedron can be characterized in the class of all metrizable spaces containing an arc by means of first order properties of its clone of continuous operations. We will show that such a characterization is possible in the class of compact spaces and in the class of Hausdorff spaces containing an arc. Moreover, our characterization uses only the first order properties of the monoid of self-maps. Also, the possibility of characterizing the closed...
Realcompact spaces can be characterized as limits of approximate inverse systems of Polish polyhedra.