Manifolds with non-stable fundamental groups at infinity, II.
Using a new definition of the second and third Johsnon homomorphisms, we simplify and extend the work of Morita on the Casson invariant of homology-spheres defined by Heegard splittings. In particular, we calculate the Casson invariant of the homology-sphere obtained by gluing two handlebodies along a homeomorphism of the boundary belonging to the Torelli subgroup.
Let B be a 3-dimensional handlebody of genus g. Let ℳ be the group of the isotopy classes of orientation preserving homeomorphisms of B. We construct a 2-dimensional simplicial complex X, connected and simply-connected, on which ℳ acts by simplicial transformations and has only a finite number of orbits. From this action we derive an explicit finite presentation of ℳ.
We prove that the mass endomorphism associated to the Dirac operator on a Riemannian manifold is non-zero for generic Riemannian metrics. The proof involves a study of the mass endomorphism under surgery, its behavior near metrics with harmonic spinors, and analytic perturbation arguments.
For each positive integer n the HOMFLYPT polynomial of links specializes to a one-variable polynomial that can be recovered from the representation theory of quantum sl(n). For each such n we build a doubly-graded homology theory of links with this polynomial as the Euler characteristic. The core of our construction utilizes the theory of matrix factorizations, which provide a linear algebra description of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules on isolated hypersurface singularities.