The aim of the paper is two-fold. First, we investigate the ψ-Bessel potential spaces on ${ℝ}_{0+}^{n+1}$ and study some of their properties. Secondly, we consider the fractional powers of an operator of the form $-A_{\pm }=-\psi \left(D_{x^{\text{'}}}\right)\pm \partial /\left(\partial x_{n+1}\right)$, $(x^{\text{'}},x_{n+1})\in {ℝ}_{0+}^{n+1}$, where $\psi \left(D_{x^{\text{'}}}\right)$ is an operator with real continuous negative definite symbol ψ: ℝⁿ → ℝ. We define the domain of the operator $-{(-A_{\pm })}^{\alpha }$ and prove that with this domain it generates an $L_p$-sub-Markovian semigroup.

Let be a locally compact Hausdorff space. Let $A_i$, i = 0,1,...,N, be generators of Feller semigroups in C₀() with related Feller processes $X_i=X_i\left(t\right),t\ge 0$ and let ${\alpha }_i$, i = 0,...,N, be non-negative continuous functions on with ${\sum }_{i=0}^N{\alpha }_i=1$. Assume that the closure A of ${\sum }_{k=0}^N{\alpha }_k{A}_k$ defined on ${\bigcap }_{i=0}^N\left(A_i\right)$ generates a Feller semigroup T(t), t ≥ 0 in C₀(). A natural interpretation of a related Feller process X = X(t), t ≥ 0 is that it evolves according to the following heuristic rules: conditional on being at a point p ∈ , with probability ${\alpha }_i\left(p\right)$, the process...

We are mainly concerned with equations of the form -Lu = f(x,u) + μ, where L is an operator associated with a quasi-regular possibly nonsymmetric Dirichlet form, f satisfies the monotonicity condition and mild integrability conditions, and μ is a bounded smooth measure. We prove general results on existence, uniqueness and regularity of probabilistic solutions, which are expressed in terms of solutions to backward stochastic differential equations. Applications include equations with nonsymmetric...

We establish the average cost optimality equation and show the existence of an (ε-)optimal stationary policy for semi-Markov control processes without compactness and continuity assumptions. The only condition we impose on the model is the V-geometric ergodicity of the embedded Markov chain governed by a stationary policy.

We study the evolution of a multi-component system which is modeled by a semi-Markov process. We give formulas for the avaibility and the reliability of the system. In the r-positive case, we prove that the quasi-stationary probability on the working states is the normalised left eigenvector of some computable matrix and that the asymptotic failure rate is equal to the absolute value of the convergence parameter r.

In this note we prove that the local martingale part of a convex function f of a d-dimensional semimartingale X = M + A can be written in terms of an Itô stochastic integral ∫H(X)dM, where H(x) is some particular measurable choice of subgradient $$ ∇ f ( x ) off at x, and M is the martingale part of X. This result was first proved by Bouleau in [N. Bouleau, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 292 (1981) 87–90]. Here we present a new treatment of the problem. We first prove the result for $\tilde{X}=X+ϵB$ x10ff65;...