Salmonella is one of the major sources of toxi-infection in humans in France and United States. The incidence of human salmonellosis has considerably increased over the past 20 years and this can be largely attributed to epidemics of S. enteritidis phage type 4 in poultry in numerous countries. In this article, we formulate and analyse a model in which the transmission of the disease is determined by contact between hens and Salmonella in the environment.

We propose and analyze a mathematical model of hematopoietic stem cell dynamics. This model takes into account a finite number of stages in blood production, characterized by cell maturity levels, which enhance the difference, in the hematopoiesis process, between dividing cells that differentiate (by going to the next stage) and dividing cells that keep the same maturity level (by staying in the same stage). It is described by a system of n nonlinear differential equations with n delays. We study...

We consider the asymptotic behavior of some classes of sequences defined by a recurrent formula. The main result is the following: Let f: (0,∞)² → (0,∞) be a continuous function such that (a) 0 < f(x,y) < px + (1-p)y for some p ∈ (0,1) and for all x,y ∈ (0,α), where α > 0; (b) $f(x,y)=px+(1-p)y-{\sum }_{s=m}^{\infty }s(x,y)$ uniformly in a neighborhood of the origin, where m > 1, ${}_s(x,y)={\sum }_{i=0}^s{a}_{i,s}{x}^{s-i}{y}^i$; (c) $ₘ(1,1)={\sum }_{i=0}^m{a}_{i,m}>0$. Let x₀,x₁ ∈ (0,α) and $x_{n+1}=f(xₙ,x_{n-1})$, n ∈ ℕ. Then the sequence (xₙ) satisfies the following asymptotic formula: $xₙ\sim {((2-p)/\left((m-1){\sum }_{i=0}^m{a}_{i,m}\right))}^{1/(m-1)}1/\sqrt[m-1]{n}$.

A simple model of phenotypic evolution is introduced and analysed in a space of population states. The expected values of the population states generate a discrete dynamical system. The asymptotic behaviour of the system is studied with the use of classical tools of dynamical systems. The number, location and stability of fixed points of the system depend on parameters of a fitness function and the parameters of the evolutionary process itself. The influence of evolutionary process parameters on...

Asymptotic convergence theorems for semigroups of nonnegative operators on a Banach lattice, on C(X) and on $L^p\left(X\right)$ (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞) are proved. The general results are applied to a class of semigroups generated by some differential equations.

We present a robust method which translates information on the speed of coming down from infinity of a genealogical tree into sampling formulae for the underlying population. We apply these results to population dynamics where the genealogy is given by a $𝛬$-coalescent. This allows us to derive an exact formula for the asymptotic behavior of the site and allele frequency spectrum and the number of segregating sites, as the sample size tends to $\infty$. Some of our results hold in the case of a general $𝛬$-coalescent...

In this article we consider a system of equations that describes a class of mass-conserving aggregation phenomena, including gravitational collapse and bacterial chemotaxis. In spatial dimensions strictly larger than two, and under the assumptions of radial symmetry, it is known that this system has at least two stable mechanisms of singularity formation (see e.g. M. P. Brenner et al. 1999, Nonlinearity 12, 1071-1098); one type is self-similar, and may be viewed as a trade-off between diffusion...

We consider a nonlinear parabolic system modelling chemotaxis $u_t=\nabla ·(\nabla u-u\nabla v)$, $v_t=\Delta v+u$ in ℝ², t > 0. We first prove the existence of time-global solutions, including self-similar solutions, for small initial data, and then show the asymptotically self-similar behavior for a class of general solutions.

In this work we study the inflammatory process resulting in the development of atherosclerosis. We develop a one- and two-dimensional models based on reaction-diffusion systems to describe the set up of a chronic inflammatory response in the intima of an artery vessel wall. The concentration of the oxidized low density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) in the intima is the critical parameter of the model. Low ox-LDL concentrations do not lead to a chronic inflammatory reaction. Intermediate ox-LDL concentrations...