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Fast and accurate methods of independent component analysis: A survey

Petr Tichavský, Zbyněk Koldovský (2011)

Kybernetika

This paper presents a survey of recent successful algorithms for blind separation of determined instantaneous linear mixtures of independent sources such as natural speech or biomedical signals. These algorithms rely either on non-Gaussianity, nonstationarity, spectral diversity, or on a combination of them. Performance of the algorithms will be demonstrated on separation of a linear instantaneous mixture of audio signals (music, speech) and on artifact removal in electroencephalogram (EEG).

From Quasispecies Theory to Viral Quasispecies: How Complexity has Permeated Virology

E. Domingo, C. Perales (2012)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

RNA viruses replicate as complex and dynamic mutant distributions. They are termed viral quasispecies, in recognition of the fundamental contribution of quasispecies theory in our understanding of error-prone replicative entities. Viral quasispecies have launched a fertile field of transdiciplinary research, both experimental and theoretical. Here we review the origin and some implications of the quasispecies concept, with emphasis on internal interactions...

Host Factors in Viral Life Cycles

G. Pérez-Vilaró, J. Jungfleisch, V. Saludes, N. Scheller, M. Giménez-Barcons, J. Díez (2012)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that rely on the host cell for expansion. With the development of global analyses techniques like transcriptomics, proteomics and siRNA library screening of complete cellular gene sets, a large range of host cell factors have been discovered that either support or restrict virus growth. Here we summarize some of the recent findings and focus our discussion on the hepatitis C virus and the human immunodeficiency...

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection : from Biological Observations to Mechanistic Mathematical Modelling

G. Bocharov, V. Chereshnev, I. Gainova, S. Bazhan, B. Bachmetyev, J. Argilaguet, J. Martinez, A. Meyerhans (2012)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

HIV infection is multi-faceted and a multi-step process. The virus-induced pathogenic mechanisms are manifold and mediated through a range of positive and negative feedback regulations of immune and physiological processes engaged in virus-host interactions. The fundamental questions towards understanding the pathogenesis of HIV infection are now shifting to ‘dynamic’ categories: (i) why is the HIV-immune response equilibrium finally disrupted? (ii)...

Mathematical Models of Dividing Cell Populations: Application to CFSE Data

H.T. Banks, W. Clayton Thompson (2012)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

Flow cytometric analysis using intracellular dyes such as CFSE is a powerful experimental tool which can be used in conjunction with mathematical modeling to quantify the dynamic behavior of a population of lymphocytes. In this survey we begin by providing an overview of the mathematically relevant aspects of the data collection procedure. We then present an overview of the large body of mathematical models, along with their assumptions and uses,...

Modelling Physiological and Pharmacological Control on Cell Proliferation to Optimise Cancer Treatments

J. Clairambault (2009)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

This review aims at presenting a synoptic, if not exhaustive, point of view on some of the problems encountered by biologists and physicians who deal with natural cell proliferation and disruptions of its physiological control in cancer disease. It also aims at suggesting how mathematicians are naturally challenged by these questions and how they might help, not only biologists to deal theoretically with biological complexity, but also physicians to optimise therapeutics, on which last point the...

Segregation of Flowing Blood: Mathematical Description

A. Tokarev, G. Panasenko, F. Ataullakhanov (2011)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

Blood rheology is completely determined by its major corpuscles which are erythrocytes, or red blood cells (RBCs). That is why understanding and correct mathematical description of RBCs behavior in blood is a critical step in modelling the blood dynamics. Various phenomena provided by RBCs such as aggregation, deformation, shear-induced diffusion and non-uniform radial distribution affect the passage of blood through the vessels. Hence, they have...

Stippling the Skin: Generation of Anatomical Periodicity by Reaction-Diffusion Mechanisms

D. J. Headon, K. J. Painter (2009)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

During vertebrate development cells acquire different fates depending largely on their location in the embryo. The definition of a cell's developmental fate relies on extensive intercellular communication that produces positional information and ultimately generates an appropriately proportioned anatomy. Here we place reaction-diffusion mechanisms in the context of general concepts regarding the generation of positional information during development and then focus on these mechanisms as parsimonious...

The Use of CFSE-like Dyes for Measuring Lymphocyte Proliferation : Experimental Considerations and Biological Variables

B.J.C. Quah, A.B. Lyons, C.R. Parish (2012)

Mathematical Modelling of Natural Phenomena

The measurement of CFSE dilution by flow cytometry is a powerful experimental tool to measure lymphocyte proliferation. CFSE fluorescence precisely halves after each cell division in a highly predictable manner and is thus highly amenable to mathematical modelling. However, there are several biological and experimental conditions that can affect the quality of the proliferation data generated, which may be important to consider when modelling dye...

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