Let $D_m$ be an elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$ of the form $y^2=x^3-m^{2}x+m^2$, where $m$ is an integer. In this paper we prove that the two points $P_{-1}=(-m,m)$ and $P_0=(0,m)$ on $D_m$ can be extended to a basis for $D_m\left(\mathbb{Q}\right)$ under certain conditions described explicitly.

We prove several results regarding some invariants of elliptic curves on average over the family of all elliptic curves inside a box of sides A and B. As an example, let E be an elliptic curve defined over ℚ and p be a prime of good reduction for E. Let $e_E\left(p\right)$ be the exponent of the group of rational points of the reduction modulo p of E over the finite field ${}_p$. Let be the family of elliptic curves $E_{a,b}:y^2=x^3+ax+b$, where |a| ≤ A and |b| ≤ B. We prove that, for any c > 1 and k∈ ℕ, $1/\left|\right|{\sum }_{E\in }{\sum }_{p\le x}{e}_E^k\left(p\right)=C_{k}li\left(x^{k+1}\right)+O(\left(x^{k+1}\right)/{\left(logx\right)}^c$)$$as x → ∞, as long...

Let $f\left(x\right)$ be a cubic, monic and separable polynomial over a field of characteristic $p\ge 3$ and let $E$ be the elliptic curve given by $y^2=f\left(x\right)$. In this paper we prove that the coefficient at $x^{\frac{1}{2}p(p-1)}$ in the $p$–th division polynomial of $E$ equals the coefficient at $x^{p-1}$ in $f{\left(x\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}(p-1)}$. For elliptic curves over a finite field of characteristic $p$, the first coefficient is zero if and only if $E$ is supersingular, which by a classical criterion of Deuring (1941) is also equivalent to the vanishing of the second coefficient. So the...

We show a $p$-parity result in a $D_{2p^n}$-extension of number fields $L/K$ ($p\ge 5$) for the twist $1\oplus \eta \oplus \tau$: $W(E/K,1\oplus \eta \oplus \tau )={(-1)}^{〈1\oplus \eta \oplus \tau ,X_p(E/L)〉}$, where $E$ is an elliptic curve over $K$, $\eta$ and $\tau$ are respectively the quadratic character and an irreductible representation of degree $2$ of $\mathrm{Gal}(L/K)=D_{2p^n}$, and $X_p(E/L)$ is the $p$-Selmer group. The main novelty is that we use a congruence result between ${\epsilon }_0$-factors (due to Deligne) for the determination of local root numbers in bad cases (places of additive reduction above 2 and 3). We also give applications to the $p$-parity conjecture...

Using the recent isogeny bounds due to Gaudron and Rémond we obtain the triviality of $X_0^{+}\left(p^r\right)\left(\mathbb{Q}\right)$, for $r\>1$ and $p$ a prime number exceeding $2·{10}^{11}$. This includes the case of the curves $X_{\mathrm{split}}\left(p\right)$. We then prove, with the help of computer calculations, that the same holds true for $p$ in the range $11\le p\le {10}^{14}$, $p\ne 13$. The combination of those results completes the qualitative study of rational points on $X_0^{+}\left(p^r\right)$ undertook in our previous work, with the only exception of $p^r={13}^2$.

Let $p$ be a fixed odd prime. We combine some properties of quadratic and quartic Diophantine equations with elementary number theory methods to determine all integral points on the elliptic curve $E:y^2=x^3-4p^{2}x$. Further, let $N\left(p\right)$ denote the number of pairs of integral points $(x,\pm y)$ on $E$ with $y>0$. We prove that if $p\ge 17$, then $N\left(p\right)\le 4$ or $1$ depending on whether $p\equiv 1(mod8)$ or $p\equiv -1(mod8)$.

Let $𝒜$ be a commutative algebraic group defined over a number field $k$. We consider the following question:A complete answer for the case of the multiplicative group ${𝔾}_m$ is classical. We study other instances and in particular obtain an affirmative answer when $r$ is a prime and $𝒜$ is either an elliptic curve or a torus of small dimension with respect to $r$. Without restriction on the dimension of a torus, we produce an example showing that the answer can be negative even when $r$ is a prime. ...

For the dynamics $x^{\text{'}\text{'}}=-{\nabla }_{x}V\left(x\right)$, an equilibrium point $\underline{x}$ are always unstable when on a neighborhood of $\underline{x}$ the non constant $V$ satisfies $P(x,\partial )V=0$ for a real second order elliptic $P$. The proof uses a result of Kozlov [6].

Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain of class $C^2$ in $ℝ$N and let $K$ be a compact subset of $\partial \Omega$. Assume that $q\ge (N+1)/\left(N-1\right)$ and denote by $U_K$ the maximal solution of $-\Delta u+u^q=0$ in $\Omega$ which vanishes on $\partial \Omega \setminus K$. We obtain sharp upper and lower estimates for $U_K$ in terms of the Bessel capacity $C_{2/q,q^{\text{'}}}$ and prove that $U_K$ is $\sigma$-moderate. In addition we describe the precise asymptotic behavior of $U_K$ at points $\sigma \in K$, which depends on the “density” of $K$ at $\sigma$, measured in terms of the capacity $C_{2/q,q^{\text{'}}}$.

Let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve of genus $g\ge 1$ over a number field $K$ with good reduction outside a finite set of places $S$ of $K$. We prove that $C$ has a Weierstrass model over the ring of integers of $K$ with height effectively bounded only in terms of $g$, $S$ and $K$. In particular, we obtain that for any given number field $K$, finite set of places $S$ of $K$ and integer $g\ge 1$ one can in principle determine the set of $K$-isomorphism classes of hyperelliptic curves over $K$ of genus $g$ with good reduction outside...

Let ${\left(G_n\right)}_{n\ge 1}$ be a binary linear recurrence sequence that is represented by the Lucas sequences of the first and second kind, which are $\left\{U_n\right\}$ and $\left\{V_n\right\}$, respectively. We show that the Diophantine equation $G_n=B·(g^{lm}-1)/(g^l-1)$ has only finitely many solutions in $n,m\in {\mathbb{Z}}^{+}$, where $g\ge 2$, $l$ is even and $1\le B\le g^l-1$. Furthermore, these solutions can be effectively determined by reducing such equation to biquadratic elliptic curves. Then, by a result of Baker (and its best improvement due to Hajdu and Herendi) related to the bounds of the integral...

We consider the equation $$-y^{\text{'}}\left(x\right)+q\left(x\right)y(x-\varphi \left(x\right))=f\left(x\right),x\in ℝ,$$ where $\varphi$ and $q$ ($q\ge 1$) are positive continuous functions for all $x\in ℝ$ and $f\in C\left(ℝ\right)$. By a solution of the equation we mean any function $y$, continuously differentiable everywhere in $ℝ$, which satisfies the equation for all $x\in ℝ$. We show that under certain additional conditions on the functions $\varphi$ and $q$, the above equation has a unique solution $y$, satisfying the inequality $$\parallel y^{\text{'}}{\parallel }_{C\left(ℝ\right)}+{\parallel qy\parallel }_{C\left(ℝ\right)}\le c{\parallel f\parallel }_{C\left(ℝ\right)},$$ where the constant $c\in (0,\infty )$ does not depend on the choice of $f$.

Let $G$ be a unitary group defined over a non-Archimedean local field of odd residue characteristic and let $H$ be the centralizer of a semisimple rational Lie algebra element of $G.$ We prove that the Bruhat-Tits building ${𝔅}^1\left(H\right)$ of $H$ can be affinely and $G$-equivariantly embedded in the Bruhat-Tits building ${𝔅}^1\left(G\right)$ of $G$ so that the Moy-Prasad filtrations are preserved. The latter property forces uniqueness in the following way. Let $j$ and $j^{\prime }$ be maps from ${𝔅}^1\left(H\right)$ to ${𝔅}^1\left(G\right)$ which preserve the Moy–Prasad filtrations....