It is proved that the multi-dimensional maximal Fejér operator defined in a cone is bounded from the amalgam Hardy space $W(h_p,{\ell }_{\infty })$ to $W(L_p,{\ell }_{\infty })$. This implies the almost everywhere convergence of the Fejér means in a cone for all $f\in W(L₁,{\ell }_{\infty })$, which is larger than $L₁\left({ℝ}^d\right)$.

We consider the Vilenkin orthonormal system on a Vilenkin group $G$ and the Vilenkin-Fourier coefficients $\widehat{f}\left(n\right)$, $n\in \mathbb{N}$, of functions $f\in L^p\left(G\right)$ for some $1<p\le 2$. We obtain certain sufficient conditions for the finiteness of the series ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{a}_n{\left|\widehat{f}\left(n\right)\right|}^r$, where $\left\{a_n\right\}$ is a given sequence of positive real numbers satisfying a mild assumption and $0<r<2$. We also find analogous conditions for the double Vilenkin-Fourier series. These sufficient conditions are in terms of (either global or local) moduli of continuity of $f$ and give multiplicative...

The main aim of this paper is to prove that the maximal operator $\sigma ₀*:=supₙ|{\sigma }_{n,n}|$ of the Fejér means of the double Vilenkin-Fourier series is not bounded from the Hardy space $H_{1/2}$ to the space weak-$L_{1/2}$.

We study the following nonlinear method of approximation by trigonometric polynomials. For a periodic function f we take as an approximant a trigonometric polynomial of the form $Gₘ\left(f\right):={\sum }_{k\in \Lambda }f̂\left(k\right)e^{i(k,x)}$, where $\Lambda \subset {\mathbb{Z}}^d$ is a set of cardinality m containing the indices of the m largest (in absolute value) Fourier coefficients f̂(k) of the function f. Note that Gₘ(f) gives the best m-term approximant in the L₂-norm, and therefore, for each f ∈ L₂, ||f-Gₘ(f)||₂ → 0 as m → ∞. It is known from previous results that in...

We first give a necessary and sufficient condition for $x^{-\gamma }\varphi \left(x\right)\in L^p$, 1 < p < ∞, 1/p - 1 < γ < 1/p, where ϕ(x) is the sum of either ${\sum }_{k=1}^{\infty }{a}_{k}coskx$ or ${\sum }_{k=1}^{\infty }{b}_{k}sinkx$, under the condition that λₙ (where λₙ is aₙ or bₙ respectively) belongs to the class of so called Mean Value Bounded Variation Sequences (MVBVS). Then we discuss the relations among the Fourier coefficients λₙ and the sum function ϕ(x) under the condition that λₙ ∈ MVBVS, and deduce a sharp estimate for the weighted modulus of continuity of ϕ(x)...

We investigate the behaviour of Fourier coefficients with respect to the system of ultraspherical polynomials. This leads us to the study of the “boundary” Lorentz space ${ℒ}_{\lambda }$ corresponding to the left endpoint of the mean convergence interval. The ultraspherical coefficients $c{ₙ}^{\left(\lambda \right)}\left(f\right)$ of ${ℒ}_{\lambda }$-functions turn out to behave like the Fourier coefficients of functions in the real Hardy space ReH¹. Namely, we prove that for any $f\in {ℒ}_{\lambda }$ the series ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }c{ₙ}^{\left(\lambda \right)}\left(f\right)cosn\theta$ is the Fourier series of some function φ ∈ ReH¹ with ${\left|\right|\phi \left|\right|}_{ReH¹}{\le c\left|\right|f\left|\right|}_{{ℒ}_{\lambda }}$. ...

Given a distribution $T$ on the sphere we define, in analogy to the work of Łojasiewicz, the value of $T$ at a point $\xi$ of the sphere and we show that if $T$ has the value $\tau$ at $\xi$, then the Fourier-Laplace series of $T$ at $\xi$ is Abel-summable to $\tau$.

The main aim of this paper is to prove that the maximal operator ${\sigma }^{}$ is bounded from the Hardy space $H_{1/2}$ to weak-$L_{1/2}$ and is not bounded from $H_{1/2}$ to $L_{1/2}$.

We study the boundedness of the one-sided operator $g{⁺}_{\lambda ,\phi }$ between the weighted spaces $L^p\left(M¯w\right)$ and $L^p\left(w\right)$ for every weight w. If λ = 2/p whenever 1 < p < 2, and in the case p = 1 for λ > 2, we prove the weak type of $g{⁺}_{\lambda ,\phi }$. For every λ > 1 and p = 2, or λ > 2/p and 1 < p < 2, the boundedness of this operator is obtained. For p > 2 and λ > 1, we obtain the boundedness of $g{⁺}_{\lambda ,\phi }$ from $L^p\left({\left(M¯\right)}^{[p/2]+1}w\right)$ to $L^p\left(w\right)$, where ${\left(M¯\right)}^k$ denotes the operator M¯ iterated k times.

Let $M_S$ denote the strong maximal operator. Let $M_x$ and $M_y$ denote the one-dimensional Hardy-Littlewood maximal operators in the horizontal and vertical directions in ℝ². A function h supported on the unit square Q = [0,1]×[0,1] is exhibited such that ${\int }_Q{M}_y{M}_{x}h<\infty$ but ${\int }_Q{M}_x{M}_{y}h=\infty$. It is shown that if f is a function supported on Q such that ${\int }_Q{M}_y{M}_{x}f<\infty$ but ${\int }_Q{M}_x{M}_{y}f=\infty$, then there exists a set A of finite measure in ℝ² such that ${\int }_A{M}_{S}f=\infty$.

We give a quantitative characterization of the pairs of weights $(w,v)$ for which the dyadic version of the one-sided Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator satisfies a restricted weak $(p,p)$ type inequality for $1\le p<\infty$. More precisely, given any measurable set $E_0$, the estimate $$w\left(\{x\in {ℝ}^n:M^{+,d}\left({𝒳}_{E_0}\right)\left(x\right)>t\}\right)\le \frac{C{\left[(w,v)\right]}_{A_p^{+,d}\left(ℛ\right)}^p}{t^p}v\left(E_0\right)$$ holds if and only if the pair $(w,v)$ belongs to $A_p^{+,d}\left(ℛ\right)$, that is, $$\frac{\left|E\right|}{\left|Q\right|}\le {\left[(w,v)\right]}_{A_p^{+,d}\left(ℛ\right)}{\left(\frac{v\left(E\right)}{w\left(Q\right)}\right)}^{1/p}$$ for every dyadic cube $Q$ and every measurable set $E\subset Q^{+}$. The proof follows some ideas appearing in S. Ombrosi (2005). We also obtain a similar quantitative characterization for the...

Let $j\ge 2$ be a given integer. Let $H_k^{*}$ be the set of all normalized primitive holomorphic cusp forms of even integral weight $k\ge 2$ for the full modulo group $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})$. For $f\in H_k^{*}$, denote by ${\lambda }_{{\mathrm{sym}}^{j}f}\left(n\right)$ the $n$th normalized Fourier coefficient of $j$th symmetric power $L$-function ($L(s,{\mathrm{sym}}^{j}f)$) attached to $f$. We are interested in the average behaviour of the sum $$\sum _{\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{n=a_1^2+a_2^2+a_3^2+a_4^2+a_5^2+a_6^2\le x}{(a_1,a_2,a_3,a_4,a_5,a_6)\in {\mathbb{Z}}^6}}{\lambda }_{{\mathrm{sym}}^{j}f}^2\left(n\right),$$ where $x$ is sufficiently large, which improves the recent work of A. Sharma and A. Sankaranarayanan (2023).

The classical Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is bounded not only on the classical Lebesgue spaces $L_p\left({ℝ}^d\right)$ (in the case $p>1$), but (in the case when $1/p(·)$ is log-Hölder continuous and $p_{-}=inf\{p\left(x\right):x\in {ℝ}^d\}>1$) on the variable Lebesgue spaces $L_{p(·)}\left({ℝ}^d\right)$, too. Furthermore, the classical Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator is of weak-type $(1,1)$. In the present note we generalize Besicovitch’s covering theorem for the so-called $\gamma$-rectangles. We introduce a general maximal operator $M_s^{\gamma ,\delta }$ and with the help of generalized $\Phi$-functions, the strong-...

The harmonic Cesàro operator is defined for a function f in $L^p\left(ℝ\right)$ for some 1 ≤ p < ∞ by setting $\left(f\right)\left(x\right):={\int }_x^{\infty }(f\left(u\right)/u)du$ for x > 0 and $\left(f\right)\left(x\right):=-{\int }_{-\infty }^x(f\left(u\right)/u)du$ for x < 0; the harmonic Copson operator ℂ* is defined for a function f in $L{¹}_{loc}\left(ℝ\right)$ by setting $*\left(f\right)\left(x\right):=(1/x){\int }^{x₀}f\left(u\right)du$ for x ≠ 0. The notation indicates that ℂ and ℂ* are adjoint operators in a certain sense. We present rigorous proofs of the following two commuting relations: (i) If $f\in L^p\left(ℝ\right)$ for some 1 ≤ p ≤ 2, then ${\left(\left(f\right)\right)}^{\wedge }\left(t\right)=*\left(f̂\right)\left(t\right)$ a.e., where f̂ denotes the Fourier transform of f. (ii) If $f\in L^p\left(ℝ\right)$ for some 1 < p ≤ 2, then...

Let $f={\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }a\left(n\right)q^n\in S_{k+1/2}(N,{\chi }_0)$ be a nonzero cuspidal Hecke eigenform of weight $k+\frac{1}{2}$ and the trivial nebentypus ${\chi }_0$, where the Fourier coefficients $a\left(n\right)$ are real. Bruinier and Kohnen conjectured that the signs of $a\left(n\right)$ are equidistributed. This conjecture was proved to be true by Inam, Wiese and Arias-de-Reyna for the subfamilies ${\left\{a\left(t{n}^2\right)\right\}}_n$, where $t$ is a squarefree integer such that $a\left(t\right)\ne 0$. Let $q$ and $d$ be natural numbers such that $(d,q)=1$. In this work, we show that ${\left\{a\left(t{n}^2\right)\right\}}_n$ is equidistributed over any arithmetic progression $n\equiv dmodq$.

A famous theorem of Carleson says that, given any function $f\in L^p\left(𝕋\right)$, $p\in (1,+\infty )$, its Fourier series $\left(S_{n}f\left(x\right)\right)$ converges for almost every $x\in 𝕋$. Beside this property, the series may diverge at some point, without exceeding $O\left(n^{1/p}\right)$. We define the divergence index at $x$ as the infimum of the positive real numbers $\beta$ such that $S_{n}f\left(x\right)=O\left(n^{\beta }\right)$ and we are interested in the size of the exceptional sets $E_{\beta }$, namely the sets of $x\in 𝕋$ with divergence index equal to $\beta$. We show that quasi-all functions in $L^p\left(𝕋\right)$ have a multifractal behavior with respect to...

We prove some optimal estimates of Hölder-logarithmic type in the Hardy-Sobolev spaces $H^{k,p}\left(G\right)$, where $k\in {\mathbb{N}}^{*}$, $1\le p\le \infty$ and $G$ is either the open unit disk $𝔻$ or the annular domain $G_s$, $0<s<1$ of the complex space $ℂ$. More precisely, we study the behavior on the interior of $G$ of any function $f$ belonging to the unit ball of the Hardy-Sobolev spaces $H^{k,p}\left(G\right)$ from its behavior on any open connected subset $I$ of the boundary $\partial G$ of $G$ with respect to the $L^1$-norm. Our results can be viewed as an improvement and generalization of...

Let $L$ be a non-negative self-adjoint operator acting on $L^2\left({ℝ}^n\right)$ satisfying a pointwise Gaussian estimate for its heat kernel. Let $w$ be an $A_r$ weight on ${ℝ}^n\times {ℝ}^n$, $1<r<\infty$. In this article we obtain a weighted atomic decomposition for the weighted Hardy space $H_{L,w}^p({ℝ}^n\times {ℝ}^n)$, $0<p\le 1$ associated to $L$. Based on the atomic decomposition, we show the dual relationship between $H_{L,w}^1({ℝ}^n\times {ℝ}^n)$ and ${\mathrm{BMO}}_{L,w}({ℝ}^n\times {ℝ}^n)$.

Motivated by some recent results by Li and Stević, in this paper we prove that a two-parameter family of Cesàro averaging operators ${}^{b,c}$ is bounded on the Dirichlet spaces ${}_{p,a}$. We also give a short and direct proof of boundedness of ${}^{b,c}$ on the Hardy space $H^p$ for 1 < p < ∞.

Let $A_{\alpha }f\left(x\right)={\left|B\right(0,\left|x\right|\left)\right|}^{-\alpha /n}{\int }_{B(0,|x\left|\right)}f\left(t\right)dt$ be the n-dimensional fractional Hardy operator, where 0 < α ≤ n. It is well-known that $A_{\alpha }$ is bounded from $L^p$ to $L^{p_{\alpha }}$ with $p_{\alpha }=np/(\alpha p-np+n)$ when n(1-1/p) < α ≤ n. We improve this result within the framework of Banach function spaces, for instance, weighted Lebesgue spaces and Lorentz spaces. We in fact find a ’source’ space $S_{\alpha ,Y}$, which is strictly larger than X, and a ’target’ space $T_Y$, which is strictly smaller than Y, under the assumption that $A_{\alpha }$ is bounded from X into Y and the Hardy-Littlewood...