Convergence of formal solutions of first order singular partial differential equations of nilpotent type

Masatake Miyake; Akira Shirai

Displaying similar documents to “Convergence of formal solutions of first order singular partial differential equations of nilpotent type”

Partial differential equations in Banach spaces involving nilpotent linear operators

Antonia Chinnì, Paolo Cubiotti (1996)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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Let E be a Banach space. We consider a Cauchy problem of the type ⎧ $D_{t}^{k} u + \sum_{j = 0}^{k - 1} \sum_{| α | \leq m} A_{j, α} (D_{t}^{j} D_{x}^{α} u) = f$ in $ℝ^{n + 1}$ , ⎨ ⎩ $D_{t}^{j} u (0, x) = φ_{j} (x)$ in $ℝ^{n}$ , j=0,...,k-1, where each $A_{j, α}$ is a given continuous linear operator from E into itself. We prove that if the operators $A_{j, α}$ are nilpotent and pairwise commuting, then the problem is well-posed in the space of all functions $u \in C^{\infty} (ℝ^{n + 1}, E)$ whose derivatives are equi-bounded on each bounded subset of $ℝ^{n + 1}$ .

Parallelepipeds, nilpotent groups and Gowers norms

Bernard Host, Bryna Kra (2008)

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

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In his proof of Szemerédi’s Theorem, Gowers introduced certain norms that are defined on a parallelepiped structure. A natural question is on which sets a parallelepiped structure (and thus a Gowers norm) can be defined. We focus on dimensions $2$ and $3$ and show when this possible, and describe a correspondence between the parallelepiped structures and nilpotent groups.

Hurewicz-Serre theorem in extension theory

M. Cencelj, J. Dydak, A. Mitra, A. Vavpetič (2008)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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The paper is devoted to generalizations of the Cencelj-Dranishnikov theorems relating extension properties of nilpotent CW complexes to their homology groups. Here are the main results of the paper: Theorem 0.1. Let L be a nilpotent CW complex and F the homotopy fiber of the inclusion i of L into its infinite symmetric product SP(L). If X is a metrizable space such that $X τ K (H_{k} (L), k)$ for all k ≥ 1, then $X τ K (π_{k} (F), k)$ and $X τ K (π_{k} (L), k)$ for all k ≥ $.$ Theorem 0.2. Let X be a metrizable space such that dim(X) < ∞ or X ∈...

$𝒟_{n, r}$ is not potentially nilpotent for $n \geq 4 r - 2$

Yan Ling Shao, Yubin Gao, Wei Gao (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An $n \times n$ sign pattern $𝒜$ is said to be potentially nilpotent if there exists a nilpotent real matrix $B$ with the same sign pattern as $𝒜$ . Let $𝒟_{n, r}$ be an $n \times n$ sign pattern with $2 \leq r \leq n$ such that the superdiagonal and the $(n, n)$ entries are positive, the $(i, 1)$ $(i = 1, \dots, r)$ and $(i, i - r + 1)$ $(i = r + 1, \dots, n)$ entries are negative, and zeros elsewhere. We prove that for $r \geq 3$ and $n \geq 4 r - 2$ , the sign pattern $𝒟_{n, r}$ is not potentially nilpotent, and so not spectrally arbitrary.

Retracts that are kernels of locally nilpotent derivations

Dayan Liu, Xiaosong Sun (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $k$ be a field of characteristic zero and $B$ a $k$ -domain. Let $R$ be a retract of $B$ being the kernel of a locally nilpotent derivation of $B$ . We show that if $B = R \oplus I$ for some principal ideal $I$ (in particular, if $B$ is a UFD), then $B = R^{[1]}$ , i.e., $B$ is a polynomial algebra over $R$ in one variable. It is natural to ask that, if a retract $R$ of a $k$ -UFD $B$ is the kernel of two commuting locally nilpotent derivations of $B$ , then does it follow that $B ≅ R^{[2]}$ ? We give a negative answer to this question. The interest in...

A new family of spectrally arbitrary ray patterns

Yinzhen Mei, Yubin Gao, Yan Ling Shao, Peng Wang (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An $n \times n$ ray pattern $𝒜$ is called a spectrally arbitrary ray pattern if the complex matrices in $Q (𝒜)$ give rise to all possible complex polynomials of degree $n$ . In a paper of Mei, Gao, Shao, and Wang (2014) was proved that the minimum number of nonzeros in an $n \times n$ irreducible spectrally arbitrary ray pattern is $3 n - 1$ . In this paper, we introduce a new family of spectrally arbitrary ray patterns of order $n$ with exactly $3 n - 1$ nonzeros.

The evolution and Poisson kernels on nilpotent meta-abelian groups

Richard Penney, Roman Urban (2013)

Studia Mathematica

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Let S be a semidirect product S = N⋊ A where N is a connected and simply connected, non-abelian, nilpotent meta-abelian Lie group and A is isomorphic to $ℝ^{k}$ , k>1. We consider a class of second order left-invariant differential operators on S of the form $ℒ_{α} = L^{a} + Δ_{α}$ , where $α \in ℝ^{k}$ , and for each $a \in ℝ^{k}, L^{a}$ is left-invariant second order differential operator on N and $Δ_{α} = Δ - ⟨ α, \nabla ⟩$ , where Δ is the usual Laplacian on $ℝ^{k}$ . Using some probabilistic techniques (e.g., skew-product formulas for diffusions on S and N respectively)...

On a generalization of a theorem of Burnside

Jiangtao Shi (2015)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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A theorem of Burnside asserts that a finite group $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if for some prime $p$ a Sylow $p$ -subgroup of $G$ lies in the center of its normalizer. In this paper, let $G$ be a finite group and $p$ the smallest prime divisor of $| G |$ , the order of $G$ . Let $P \in {Syl}_{p} (G)$ . As a generalization of Burnside’s theorem, it is shown that if every non-cyclic $p$ -subgroup of $G$ is self-normalizing or normal in $G$ then $G$ is solvable. In particular, if $P ≇ 〈 a, b | a^{p^{n - 1}} = 1, b^{2} = 1, b^{- 1} a b = a^{1 + p^{n - 2}} 〉$ , where $n \geq 3$ for $p > 2$ and $n \geq 4$ for $p = 2$ , then $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent or $p$ -closed. ...

One-parameter contractions of Lie-Poisson brackets

Oksana Yakimova (2014)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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We consider contractions of Lie and Poisson algebras and the behaviour of their centres under contractions. A polynomial Poisson algebra $𝒜 = 𝕂 [𝔸^{n}]$ is said to be of Kostant type, if its centre $Z (𝒜)$ is freely generated by homogeneous polynomials $F_{1}, ..., F_{r}$ such that they give Kostant’s regularity criterion on $𝔸^{n} (d_{x} F_{i}$ are linear independent if and only if the Poisson tensor has the maximal rank at $x$ ). If the initial Poisson algebra is of Kostant type and $F_{i}$ satisfy a certain degree-equality, then the contraction...

A note on infinite $a S$ -groups

Reza Nikandish, Babak Miraftab (2015)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $G$ be a group. If every nontrivial subgroup of $G$ has a proper supplement, then $G$ is called an $a S$ -group. We study some properties of $a S$ -groups. For instance, it is shown that a nilpotent group $G$ is an $a S$ -group if and only if $G$ is a subdirect product of cyclic groups of prime orders. We prove that if $G$ is an $a S$ -group which satisfies the descending chain condition on subgroups, then $G$ is finite. Among other results, we characterize all abelian groups for which every nontrivial quotient group...

Finite Groups with some $s$ -Permutably Embedded and Weakly $s$ -Permutable Subgroups

Fenfang Xie, Jinjin Wang, Jiayi Xia, Guo Zhong (2013)

Confluentes Mathematici

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Let $G$ be a finite group, $p$ the smallest prime dividing the order of $G$ and $P$ a Sylow $p$ -subgroup of $G$ with the smallest generator number $d$ . There is a set $ℳ_{d} (P) = {P_{1}, P_{2}, \dots, P_{d}}$ of maximal subgroups of $P$ such that $⋂_{i = 1}^{d} P_{i} = Φ (P)$ . In the present paper, we investigate the structure of a finite group under the assumption that every member of $ℳ_{d} (P)$ is either $s$ -permutably embedded or weakly $s$ -permutable in $G$ to give criteria for a group to be $p$ -supersolvable or $p$ -nilpotent.

Certain decompositions of matrices over Abelian rings

Nahid Ashrafi, Marjan Sheibani, Huanyin Chen (2017)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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A ring $R$ is (weakly) nil clean provided that every element in $R$ is the sum of a (weak) idempotent and a nilpotent. We characterize nil and weakly nil matrix rings over abelian rings. Let $R$ be abelian, and let $n \in ℕ$ . We prove that $M_{n} (R)$ is nil clean if and only if $R / J (R)$ is Boolean and $M_{n} (J (R))$ is nil. Furthermore, we prove that $R$ is weakly nil clean if and only if $R$ is periodic; $R / J (R)$ is $ℤ_{3}$ , $B$ or $ℤ_{3} \oplus B$ where $B$ is a Boolean ring, and that $M_{n} (R)$ is weakly nil clean if and only if $M_{n} (R)$ is nil clean for all $n \geq 2$ .

Path coalgebras of profinite bound quivers, cotensor coalgebras of bound species and locally nilpotent representations

Daniel Simson (2007)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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We prove that the study of the category C-Comod of left comodules over a K-coalgebra C reduces to the study of K-linear representations of a quiver with relations if K is an algebraically closed field, and to the study of K-linear representations of a K-species with relations if K is a perfect field. Given a field K and a quiver Q = (Q₀,Q₁), we show that any subcoalgebra C of the path K-coalgebra K◻Q containing $K^{◻} Q ₀ \oplus K^{◻} Q ₁$ is the path coalgebra $K^{◻} (Q,)$ of a profinite bound quiver (Q,), and the category...

Leibniz's rule on two-step nilpotent Lie groups

Krystian Bekała (2016)

Colloquium Mathematicae

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Let be a nilpotent Lie algebra which is also regarded as a homogeneous Lie group with the Campbell-Hausdorff multiplication. This allows us to define a generalized multiplication $f g = {(f^{\lor} * g^{\lor})}^{\land}$ of two functions in the Schwartz class (*), where $^{\lor}$ and $^{\land}$ are the Abelian Fourier transforms on the Lie algebra and on the dual * and ∗ is the convolution on the group . In the operator analysis on nilpotent Lie groups an important notion is the one of symbolic calculus which can be viewed as a higher order...

A note on the commutator of two operators on a locally convex space

Edvard Kramar (2016)

Commentationes Mathematicae Universitatis Carolinae

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Denote by $C$ the commutator $A B - B A$ of two bounded operators $A$ and $B$ acting on a locally convex topological vector space. If $A C - C A = 0$ , we show that $C$ is a quasinilpotent operator and we prove that if $A C - C A$ is a compact operator, then $C$ is a Riesz operator.

The Jacobian Conjecture in case of "non-negative coefficients"

Ludwik M. Drużkowski (1997)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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It is known that it is sufficient to consider in the Jacobian Conjecture only polynomial mappings of the form $F (x ₁, . . ., x_{n}) = x - H (x) : = (x ₁ - H ₁ (x ₁, . . ., x_{n}), . . ., x_{n} - H_{n} (x ₁, . . ., x_{n}))$ , where $H_{j}$ are homogeneous polynomials of degree 3 with real coefficients (or $H_{j} = 0$ ), j = 1,...,n and H’(x) is a nilpotent matrix for each $x = (x ₁, . . ., x_{n}) \in ℝ^{n}$ . We give another proof of Yu’s theorem that in the case of non-negative coefficients of H the mapping F is a polynomial automorphism, and we moreover prove that in that case $d e g F^{- 1} \leq {(d e g F)}^{i n d F - 1}$ , where $i n d F : = m a x i n d H^{'} (x) : x \in ℝ^{n}$ . Note that the above inequality is not true when the coefficients...

Global solvability in the parabolic-elliptic chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic source

Xiangdong Zhao (2024)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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We study the chemotaxis system with singular sensitivity and logistic-type source: $u_{t} = Δ u - χ \nabla \cdot (u \nabla v / v) + r u - μ u^{k}$ , $0 = Δ v - v + u$ under the non-flux boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain $Ω \subset ℝ^{n}$ , $χ, r, μ > 0$ , $k > 1$ and $n \geq 1$ . It is shown with $k \in (1, 2)$ that the system possesses a global generalized solution for $n \geq 2$ which is bounded when $χ > 0$ is suitably small related to $r > 0$ and the initial datum is properly small, and a global bounded classical solution for $n = 1$ .

Infinitesimal Morita homomorphisms and the tree-level of the LMO invariant

Gwénaël Massuyeau (2012)

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

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Let $Σ$ be a compact connected oriented surface with one boundary component, and let $π$ be the fundamental group of $Σ$ . The Johnson filtration is a decreasing sequence of subgroups of the Torelli group of $Σ$ , whose $k$ -th term consists of the self-homeomorphisms of $Σ$ that act trivially at the level of the $k$ -th nilpotent quotient of $π$ . Morita defined a homomorphism from the $k$ -th term of the Johnson filtration to the third homology group of the $k$ -th nilpotent quotient of $π$ . In this paper, we...