Convergence of formal solutions of first order singular partial differential equations of nilpotent type

Masatake Miyake; Akira Shirai

Displaying similar documents to “Convergence of formal solutions of first order singular partial differential equations of nilpotent type”

Partial differential equations in Banach spaces involving nilpotent linear operators

Antonia Chinnì, Paolo Cubiotti (1996)

Annales Polonici Mathematici

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Let E be a Banach space. We consider a Cauchy problem of the type ⎧ $D_{t}^{k} u + \sum_{j = 0}^{k - 1} \sum_{| α | \leq m} A_{j, α} (D_{t}^{j} D_{x}^{α} u) = f$ in $ℝ^{n + 1}$ , ⎨ ⎩ $D_{t}^{j} u (0, x) = φ_{j} (x)$ in $ℝ^{n}$ , j=0,...,k-1, where each $A_{j, α}$ is a given continuous linear operator from E into itself. We prove that if the operators $A_{j, α}$ are nilpotent and pairwise commuting, then the problem is well-posed in the space of all functions $u \in C^{\infty} (ℝ^{n + 1}, E)$ whose derivatives are equi-bounded on each bounded subset of $ℝ^{n + 1}$ .

Images of locally nilpotent derivations of bivariate polynomial algebras over a domain

Xiaosong Sun, Beini Wang (2024)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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We study the LND conjecture concerning the images of locally nilpotent derivations, which arose from the Jacobian conjecture. Let $R$ be a domain containing a field of characteristic zero. We prove that, when $R$ is a one-dimensional unique factorization domain, the image of any locally nilpotent $R$ -derivation of the bivariate polynomial algebra $R [x, y]$ is a Mathieu-Zhao subspace. Moreover, we prove that, when $R$ is a Dedekind domain, the image of a locally nilpotent $R$ -derivation of $R [x, y]$ with some...

Parallelepipeds, nilpotent groups and Gowers norms

Bernard Host, Bryna Kra (2008)

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France

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In his proof of Szemerédi’s Theorem, Gowers introduced certain norms that are defined on a parallelepiped structure. A natural question is on which sets a parallelepiped structure (and thus a Gowers norm) can be defined. We focus on dimensions $2$ and $3$ and show when this possible, and describe a correspondence between the parallelepiped structures and nilpotent groups.

Hurewicz-Serre theorem in extension theory

M. Cencelj, J. Dydak, A. Mitra, A. Vavpetič (2008)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

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The paper is devoted to generalizations of the Cencelj-Dranishnikov theorems relating extension properties of nilpotent CW complexes to their homology groups. Here are the main results of the paper: Theorem 0.1. Let L be a nilpotent CW complex and F the homotopy fiber of the inclusion i of L into its infinite symmetric product SP(L). If X is a metrizable space such that $X τ K (H_{k} (L), k)$ for all k ≥ 1, then $X τ K (π_{k} (F), k)$ and $X τ K (π_{k} (L), k)$ for all k ≥ $.$ Theorem 0.2. Let X be a metrizable space such that dim(X) < ∞ or X ∈...

$𝒟_{n, r}$ is not potentially nilpotent for $n \geq 4 r - 2$

Yan Ling Shao, Yubin Gao, Wei Gao (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An $n \times n$ sign pattern $𝒜$ is said to be potentially nilpotent if there exists a nilpotent real matrix $B$ with the same sign pattern as $𝒜$ . Let $𝒟_{n, r}$ be an $n \times n$ sign pattern with $2 \leq r \leq n$ such that the superdiagonal and the $(n, n)$ entries are positive, the $(i, 1)$ $(i = 1, \dots, r)$ and $(i, i - r + 1)$ $(i = r + 1, \dots, n)$ entries are negative, and zeros elsewhere. We prove that for $r \geq 3$ and $n \geq 4 r - 2$ , the sign pattern $𝒟_{n, r}$ is not potentially nilpotent, and so not spectrally arbitrary.

On the nilpotent residuals of all subalgebras of Lie algebras

Wei Meng, Hailou Yao (2018)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $𝒩$ denote the class of nilpotent Lie algebras. For any finite-dimensional Lie algebra $L$ over an arbitrary field $𝔽$ , there exists a smallest ideal $I$ of $L$ such that $L / I \in 𝒩$ . This uniquely determined ideal of $L$ is called the nilpotent residual of $L$ and is denoted by $L^{𝒩}$ . In this paper, we define the subalgebra $S (L) = ⋂_{H \leq L} I_{L} (H^{𝒩})$ . Set $S_{0} (L) = 0$ . Define $S_{i + 1} (L) / S_{i} (L) = S (L / S_{i} (L))$ for $i \geq 1$ . By $S_{\infty} (L)$ denote the terminal term of the ascending series. It is proved that $L = S_{\infty} (L)$ if and only if $L^{𝒩}$ is nilpotent. In addition, we investigate the basic properties of a...

Retracts that are kernels of locally nilpotent derivations

Dayan Liu, Xiaosong Sun (2022)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $k$ be a field of characteristic zero and $B$ a $k$ -domain. Let $R$ be a retract of $B$ being the kernel of a locally nilpotent derivation of $B$ . We show that if $B = R \oplus I$ for some principal ideal $I$ (in particular, if $B$ is a UFD), then $B = R^{[1]}$ , i.e., $B$ is a polynomial algebra over $R$ in one variable. It is natural to ask that, if a retract $R$ of a $k$ -UFD $B$ is the kernel of two commuting locally nilpotent derivations of $B$ , then does it follow that $B ≅ R^{[2]}$ ? We give a negative answer to this question. The interest in...

A new family of spectrally arbitrary ray patterns

Yinzhen Mei, Yubin Gao, Yan Ling Shao, Peng Wang (2016)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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An $n \times n$ ray pattern $𝒜$ is called a spectrally arbitrary ray pattern if the complex matrices in $Q (𝒜)$ give rise to all possible complex polynomials of degree $n$ . In a paper of Mei, Gao, Shao, and Wang (2014) was proved that the minimum number of nonzeros in an $n \times n$ irreducible spectrally arbitrary ray pattern is $3 n - 1$ . In this paper, we introduce a new family of spectrally arbitrary ray patterns of order $n$ with exactly $3 n - 1$ nonzeros.

Finite groups in which every self-centralizing subgroup is nilpotent or subnormal or a TI-subgroup

Jiangtao Shi, Na Li (2021)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $G$ be a finite group. We prove that if every self-centralizing subgroup of $G$ is nilpotent or subnormal or a TI-subgroup, then every subgroup of $G$ is nilpotent or subnormal. Moreover, $G$ has either a normal Sylow $p$ -subgroup or a normal $p$ -complement for each prime divisor $p$ of $| G |$ .

A property which ensures that a finitely generated hyper-(Abelian-by-finite) group is finite-by-nilpotent

Fares Gherbi, Nadir Trabelsi (2024)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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Let $𝔐$ be the class of groups satisfying the minimal condition on normal subgroups and let $Ω$ be the class of groups of finite lower central depth, that is groups $G$ such that $γ_{i} (G) = γ_{i + 1} (G)$ for some positive integer $i$ . The main result states that if $G$ is a finitely generated hyper-(Abelian-by-finite) group such that for every $x \in G$ , there exists a normal subgroup $H_{x}$ of finite index in $G$ satisfying $〈 x, x^{h} 〉 \in 𝔐 Ω$ for every $h \in H_{x}$ , then $G$ is finite-by-nilpotent. As a consequence of this result, we prove that a finitely generated...

The evolution and Poisson kernels on nilpotent meta-abelian groups

Richard Penney, Roman Urban (2013)

Studia Mathematica

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Let S be a semidirect product S = N⋊ A where N is a connected and simply connected, non-abelian, nilpotent meta-abelian Lie group and A is isomorphic to $ℝ^{k}$ , k>1. We consider a class of second order left-invariant differential operators on S of the form $ℒ_{α} = L^{a} + Δ_{α}$ , where $α \in ℝ^{k}$ , and for each $a \in ℝ^{k}, L^{a}$ is left-invariant second order differential operator on N and $Δ_{α} = Δ - ⟨ α, \nabla ⟩$ , where Δ is the usual Laplacian on $ℝ^{k}$ . Using some probabilistic techniques (e.g., skew-product formulas for diffusions on S and N respectively)...

On a generalization of a theorem of Burnside

Jiangtao Shi (2015)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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A theorem of Burnside asserts that a finite group $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if for some prime $p$ a Sylow $p$ -subgroup of $G$ lies in the center of its normalizer. In this paper, let $G$ be a finite group and $p$ the smallest prime divisor of $| G |$ , the order of $G$ . Let $P \in {Syl}_{p} (G)$ . As a generalization of Burnside’s theorem, it is shown that if every non-cyclic $p$ -subgroup of $G$ is self-normalizing or normal in $G$ then $G$ is solvable. In particular, if $P ≇ 〈 a, b | a^{p^{n - 1}} = 1, b^{2} = 1, b^{- 1} a b = a^{1 + p^{n - 2}} 〉$ , where $n \geq 3$ for $p > 2$ and $n \geq 4$ for $p = 2$ , then $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent or $p$ -closed. ...

One-parameter contractions of Lie-Poisson brackets

Oksana Yakimova (2014)

Journal of the European Mathematical Society

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We consider contractions of Lie and Poisson algebras and the behaviour of their centres under contractions. A polynomial Poisson algebra $𝒜 = 𝕂 [𝔸^{n}]$ is said to be of Kostant type, if its centre $Z (𝒜)$ is freely generated by homogeneous polynomials $F_{1}, ..., F_{r}$ such that they give Kostant’s regularity criterion on $𝔸^{n} (d_{x} F_{i}$ are linear independent if and only if the Poisson tensor has the maximal rank at $x$ ). If the initial Poisson algebra is of Kostant type and $F_{i}$ satisfy a certain degree-equality, then the contraction...

The $p$ -nilpotency of finite groups with some weakly pronormal subgroups

Jianjun Liu, Jian Chang, Guiyun Chen (2020)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

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For a finite group $G$ and a fixed Sylow $p$ -subgroup $P$ of $G$ , Ballester-Bolinches and Guo proved in 2000 that $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if every element of $P \cap G^{'}$ with order $p$ lies in the center of $N_{G} (P)$ and when $p = 2$ , either every element of $P \cap G^{'}$ with order $4$ lies in the center of $N_{G} (P)$ or $P$ is quaternion-free and $N_{G} (P)$ is $2$ -nilpotent. Asaad introduced weakly pronormal subgroup of $G$ in 2014 and proved that $G$ is $p$ -nilpotent if every element of $P$ with order $p$ is weakly pronormal in $G$ and when $p = 2$ , every element of $P$ with...