We say that a function f from [0,1] to a Banach space X is increasing with respect to E ⊂ X* if x* ∘ f is increasing for every x* ∈ E. A function $f:{[0,1]}^m\to X$ is separately increasing if it is increasing in each variable separately. We show that if X is a Banach space that does not contain any isomorphic copy of c₀ or such that X* is separable, then for every separately increasing function $f:{[0,1]}^m\to X$ with respect to any norming subset there exists a separately increasing function $g:{[0,1]}^m\to ℝ$ such that the sets of...

A Banach space X is reflexive if and only if every bounded sequence xₙ in X contains a norm attaining subsequence. This means that it contains a subsequence $x_{n_k}$ for which $su{p}_{f\in S_{X*}}limsu{p}_{k\to \infty }f\left(x_{n_k}\right)$ is attained at some f in the dual unit sphere $S_{X*}$. A Banach space X is not reflexive if and only if it contains a normalized sequence xₙ with the property that for every $f\in S_{X*}$, there exists $g\in S_{X*}$ such that $limsu{p}_{n\to \infty }f\left(xₙ\right)<limin{f}_{n\to \infty }g\left(xₙ\right)$. Combining this with a result of Shafrir, we conclude that every infinite-dimensional Banach space contains an unbounded...

We say that a function f from [0,1] to a Banach space X is increasing with respect to E ⊂ X* if x* ∘ f is increasing for every x* ∈ E. We show that if f: [0,1] → X is an increasing function with respect to a norming subset E of X* with uncountably many points of discontinuity and Q is a countable dense subset of [0,1], then (1) $\overline{linf\left(\right[0,1\left]\right)}$ contains an order isomorphic copy of D(0,1), (2) $\overline{linf\left(Q\right)}$ contains an isomorphic copy of C([0,1]), (3) $\overline{linf\left(\right[0,1\left]\right)}/\overline{linf\left(Q\right)}$ contains an isomorphic copy of c₀(Γ) for some uncountable...

For the integral equation (1) below we prove the existence on an interval $J=[0,a]$ of a solution $x$ with values in a Banach space $E$, belonging to the class $L^p(J,E)$, $p>1$. Further, the set of solutions is shown to be a compact one in the sense of Aronszajn.

Given a Banach space X, for n ∈ ℕ and p ∈ (1,∞) we investigate the smallest constant ∈ (0,∞) for which every n-tuple of functions f₁,...,fₙ: -1,1ⁿ → X satisfies ${\int }_{-1,1ⁿ}\left|\right|{\sum }_{j=1}^n{\partial }_j{f}_j{\left(\epsilon \right)\left|\right|}^{p}d\mu \left(\epsilon \right){\le }^p{\int }_{-1,1ⁿ}{\int }_{-1,1ⁿ}\left|\right|{\sum }_{j=1}^n{\delta }_j\Delta f_j\left(\epsilon \right){\left|\right|}^{p}d\mu \left(\epsilon \right)d\mu \left(\delta \right)$, where μ is the uniform probability measure on the discrete hypercube -1,1ⁿ, and ${{\partial }_j}_{j=1}^n$ and $\Delta ={\sum }_{j=1}^n{\partial }_j$ are the hypercube partial derivatives and the hypercube Laplacian, respectively. Denoting this constant by ${ⁿ}_p\left(X\right)$, we show that ${ⁿ}_p\left(X\right)\le {\sum }_{k=1}^{n}1/k$ for every Banach space (X,||·||). This extends the classical Pisier inequality, which corresponds to the special...

For the integral equation (1) below we prove the existence on an interval $J=[0,a]$ of a solution $x$ with values in a Banach space $E$, belonging to the class $L^p(J,E)$, $p>1$. Further, the set of solutions is shown to be a compact one in the sense of Aronszajn.

We give a full solution of the following problems concerning the spaces $M_{\phi }\left(X⃗\right)$: (i) to what extent two functions φ and ψ should be different in order to ensure that $M_{\phi }\left(X⃗\right)\ne M_{\psi }\left(X⃗\right)$ for any nontrivial Banach couple X⃗; (ii) when an embedding $M_{\phi }\left(X⃗\right)⊊M_{\psi }\left(X⃗\right)$ can (or cannot) be dense; (iii) which Banach space can be regarded as an $M_{\phi }\left(X⃗\right)$-space for some (unknown beforehand) Banach couple X⃗.

In this paper, we define the direct sum ${\left({⨁}_{i=1}^n{X}_i\right)}_{ce{s}_p}$ of Banach spaces X₁,X₂,..., and Xₙ and consider it equipped with the Cesàro p-norm when 1 ≤ p < ∞. We show that ${\left({⨁}_{i=1}^n{X}_i\right)}_{ce{s}_p}$ has the H-property if and only if each $X_i$ has the H-property, and ${\left({⨁}_{i=1}^n{X}_i\right)}_{ce{s}_p}$ has the Schur property if and only if each $X_i$ has the Schur property. Moreover, we also show that ${\left({⨁}_{i=1}^n{X}_i\right)}_{ce{s}_p}$ is rotund if and only if each $X_i$ is rotund.

This paper is concerned with the isomorphic structure of the Banach space ${\ell }_{\infty }/c₀$ and how it depends on combinatorial tools whose existence is consistent with but not provable from the usual axioms of ZFC. Our main global result is that it is consistent that ${\ell }_{\infty }/c₀$ does not have an orthogonal ${\ell }_{\infty }$-decomposition, that is, it is not of the form ${\ell }_{\infty }\left(X\right)$ for any Banach space X. The main local result is that it is consistent that ${\ell }_{\infty }\left(c₀\left(\right)\right)$ does not embed isomorphically into ${\ell }_{\infty }/c₀$, where is the cardinality of the continuum,...

Let ${\beta \left(n\right)}_{n=0}^{\infty }$ be a sequence of positive numbers and 1 ≤ p < ∞. We consider the space ${\ell }^p\left(\beta \right)$ of all power series $f\left(z\right)={\sum }_{n=0}^{\infty }f̂\left(n\right)zⁿ$ such that ${\sum }_{n=0}^{\infty }{\left|f̂\left(n\right)\right|}^p{\left|\beta \left(n\right)\right|}^p<\infty$. We give some sufficient conditions for the multiplication operator, $M_z$, to be unicellular on the Banach space ${\ell }^p\left(\beta \right)$. This generalizes the main results obtained by Lu Fang [1].

Bessaga and Pełczyński showed that if c₀ embeds in the dual X* of a Banach space X, then ℓ¹ embeds complementably in X, and ${\ell }^{\infty }$ embeds as a subspace of X*. In this note the Diestel-Faires theorem and techniques of Kalton are used to show that if X is an infinite-dimensional Banach space, Y is an arbitrary Banach space, and c₀ embeds in L(X,Y), then ${\ell }^{\infty }$ embeds in L(X,Y), and ℓ¹ embeds complementably in $X{\otimes }_{\gamma }Y*$. Applications to embeddings of c₀ in various spaces of operators are given.

We consider real Banach spaces X for which the quotient algebra (X)/ℐn(X) is finite-dimensional, where ℐn(X) stands for the ideal of inessential operators on X. We show that these spaces admit a decomposition as a finite direct sum of indecomposable subspaces $X_i$ for which $\left(X_i\right)/ℐn\left(X_i\right)$ is isomorphic as a real algebra to either the real numbers ℝ, the complex numbers ℂ, or the quaternion numbers ℍ. Moreover, the set of subspaces $X_i$ can be divided into subsets in such a way that if $X_i$ and $X_j$ are in different...

A bounded linear operator T on a Banach space X is called an (m,p)-isometry for a positive integer m and a real number p ≥ 1 if, for any vector x ∈ X, ${\sum }_{k=0}^m{(-1)}^k\left(\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{m}{k}\right)\left|\right|T^{k}x{\left|\right|}^p=0$. We prove that any power of an (m,p)-isometry is also an (m,p)-isometry. In general the converse is not true. However, we prove that if $T^r$ and $T^{r+1}$ are (m,p)-isometries for a positive integer r, then T is an (m,p)-isometry. More precisely, if $T^r$ is an (m,p)-isometry and $T^s$ is an (l,p)-isometry, then $T^t$ is an (h,p)-isometry, where t = gcd(r,s)...

Denote by any set of cardinality continuum. It is proved that a Banach algebra A with the property that for every collection $a_{\alpha }:\alpha \in \subset A$ there exist α ≠ β ∈ such that $a_{\alpha }\in a_{\beta }{A}^{}$ is isomorphic to ${⨁}_{i=1}^r(ℂ\left[X\right]/X^{d_i}ℂ\left[X\right])\oplus E$, where $d₁,...,d_r\in \mathbb{N}$, and E is either $Xℂ\left[X\right]/X^{d₀}ℂ\left[X\right]$ for some d₀ ∈ ℕ or a 1-dimensional ${⨁}_{i=1}^rℂ\left[X\right]/X^{d_i}ℂ\left[X\right]$-bimodule with trivial right module action. In particular, ℂ is the unique non-zero prime Banach algebra satisfying the above condition.

Let G be a locally compact group. We use the canonical operator space structure on the spaces $L^p\left(G\right)$ for p ∈ [1,∞] introduced by G. Pisier to define operator space analogues $O{A}_p\left(G\right)$ of the classical Figà-Talamanca-Herz algebras $A_p\left(G\right)$. If p ∈ (1,∞) is arbitrary, then $A_p\left(G\right)\subset O{A}_p\left(G\right)$ and the inclusion is a contraction; if p = 2, then OA₂(G) ≅ A(G) as Banach spaces, but not necessarily as operator spaces. We show that $O{A}_p\left(G\right)$ is a completely contractive Banach algebra for each p ∈ (1,∞), and that $O{A}_q\left(G\right)\subset O{A}_p\left(G\right)$ completely contractively...

In this note we survey the partial results needed to show the following general theorem: $l_p\left(l_q\right):1\le p,q\le +\infty$ is a family of mutually non isomorphic Banach spaces. We also comment some related facts and open problems.

This paper deals with homeomorphisms F: X → Y, between Banach spaces X and Y, which are of the form $F\left(x\right):=F̃x^{(2n+1)}$ where $F̃:X^{2n+1}\to Y$ is a continuous (2n+1)-linear operator.

For Banach spaces $X$ and $Y$, let $K_{w^{*}}(X^{*},Y)$ denote the space of all $w^{*}-w$ continuous compact operators from $X^{*}$ to $Y$ endowed with the operator norm. A Banach space $X$ has the $wGP$ property if every Grothendieck subset of $X$ is relatively weakly compact. In this paper we study Banach spaces with property $wGP$. We investigate whether the spaces $K_{w^{*}}(X^{*},Y)$ and $X{\otimes }_{ϵ}Y$ have the $wGP$ property, when $X$ and $Y$ have the $wGP$ property.

We construct, under Axiom ♢, a family ${\left(C\left(K_{\xi }\right)\right)}_{\xi <2^{\left(2^{\omega }\right)}}$ of indecomposable Banach spaces with few operators such that every operator from $C\left(K_{\xi }\right)$ into $C\left(K_{\eta }\right)$ is weakly compact, for all ξ ≠ η. In particular, these spaces are pairwise essentially incomparable. Assuming no additional set-theoretic axiom, we obtain this result with size $2^{\omega }$ instead of $2^{\left(2^{\omega }\right)}$.

We give a characterization of compact spaces K such that the Banach space C(K) is isomorphic to the space c₀(Γ) for some set Γ. As an application we show that there exists an Eberlein compact space K of weight ${\omega }_{\omega }$ and with the third derived set $K^{\left(3\right)}$ empty such that the space C(K) is not isomorphic to any c₀(Γ). For this compactum K, the spaces C(K) and $c₀\left({\omega }_{\omega }\right)$ are examples of weakly compactly generated (WCG) Banach spaces which are Lipschitz isomorphic but not isomorphic.

A Banach space $X$ has the reciprocal Dunford-Pettis property ($RDPP$) if every completely continuous operator $T$ from $X$ to any Banach space $Y$ is weakly compact. A Banach space $X$ has the $RDPP$ (resp. property $\left(wL\right)$) if every $L$-subset of $X^{*}$ is relatively weakly compact (resp. weakly precompact). We prove that the projective tensor product $X\otimes {}_{\pi }Y$ has property $\left(wL\right)$ when $X$ has the $RDPP$, $Y$ has property $\left(wL\right)$, and $L(X,Y^{*})=K(X,Y^{*})$.

The paper contains some applications of the notion of $Ł$ sets to several classes of operators on Banach lattices. In particular, we introduce and study the class of order $\left(\mathrm{L}\right)$-Dunford-Pettis operators, that is, operators from a Banach space into a Banach lattice whose adjoint maps order bounded subsets to an $\left(\mathrm{L}\right)$ sets. As a sequence characterization of such operators, we see that an operator $T:X\to E$ from a Banach space into a Banach lattice is order $Ł$-Dunford-Pettis, if and only if $\left|T\right(x_n\left)\right|\to 0$ for $\sigma (E,E^{\text{'}})$ for every...

Suppose that A and B are unital Banach algebras with units $1_A$ and $1_B$, respectively, M is a unital Banach A,B-module, $=\left[\begin{array}{cc}A& M\\ 0& B\end{array}\right]$ is the triangular Banach algebra, X is a unital -bimodule, $X_{AA}=1_{A}X{1}_A$, $X_{BB}=1_{B}X{1}_B$, $X_{AB}=1_{A}X{1}_B$ and $X_{BA}=1_{B}X{1}_A$. Applying two nice long exact sequences related to A, B, , X, $X_{AA}$, $X_{BB}$, $X_{AB}$ and $X_{BA}$ we establish some results on (co)homology of triangular Banach algebras.

Geometric structure of Cesàro function spaces $Ce{s}_p\left(I\right)$, where I = [0,1] and [0,∞), is investigated. Among other matters we present a description of their dual spaces, characterize the sets of all q ∈ [1,∞] such that $Ce{s}_p[0,1]$ contains isomorphic and complemented copies of $l_q$-spaces, show that Cesàro function spaces fail the fixed point property, give a description of subspaces generated by Rademacher functions in spaces $Ce{s}_p[0,1]$.

A Banach space X is asymptotically symmetric (a.s.) if for some C < ∞, for all m ∈ ℕ, for all bounded sequences ${\left(x_j^i\right)}_{j=1}^{\infty }\subseteq X$, 1 ≤ i ≤ m, for all permutations σ of 1,...,m and all ultrafilters ₁,...,ₘ on ℕ, $li{m}_{n₁,₁}...li{m}_{nₘ,ₘ}\left|\right|{\sum }_{i=1}^m{x}_{n_i}^i\left|\right|\le Cli{m}_{n_{\sigma \left(1\right)}{,}_{\sigma \left(1\right)}}...li{m}_{n_{\sigma \left(m\right)}{,}_{\sigma \left(m\right)}}\left|\right|{\sum }_{i=1}^m{x}_{n_i}^i\left|\right|$. We investigate a.s. Banach spaces and several natural variations. X is weakly a.s. (w.a.s.) if the defining condition holds when restricted to weakly convergent sequences ${\left(x_j^i\right)}_{j=1}^{\infty }$. Moreover, X is w.n.a.s. if we restrict the condition further to normalized weakly null sequences. If X is a.s. then...

If X is a Banach space and C ⊂ X a convex subset, for x** ∈ X** and A ⊂ X** let d(x**,C) = inf||x**-x||: x ∈ C be the distance from x** to C and d̂(A,C) = supd(a,C): a ∈ A. Among other things, we prove that if X is an order-continuous Banach lattice and K is a w*-compact subset of X** we have: (i) $d̂({\overline{co}}^{w*}\left(K\right),X)\le 2d̂(K,X)$ and, if K ∩ X is w*-dense in K, then $d̂({\overline{co}}^{w*}\left(K\right),X)=d̂(K,X)$; (ii) if X fails to have a copy of ℓ₁(ℵ₁), then $d̂({\overline{co}}^{w*}\left(K\right),X)=d̂(K,X)$; (iii) if X has a 1-symmetric basis, then $d̂({\overline{co}}^{w*}\left(K\right),X)=d̂(K,X)$.

A separable Banach space X contains ${\ell }_1$ isomorphically if and only if X has a bounded fundamental total $w{c}_0*$-stable biorthogonal system. The dual of a separable Banach space X fails the Schur property if and only if X has a bounded fundamental total $w{c}_0*$-biorthogonal system.

Let $X$ be a Banach space of analytic functions on the open unit disk and $\Gamma$ a subset of linear isometries on $X$. Sufficient conditions are given for non-supercyclicity of $\Gamma$. In particular, we show that the semigroup of linear isometries on the spaces $S^p$ ($p>1$), the little Bloch space, and the group of surjective linear isometries on the big Bloch space are not supercyclic. Also, we observe that the groups of all surjective linear isometries on the Hardy space $H^p$ or the Bergman space $L_a^p$ ($1<p<\infty$, $p\ne 2$)...