Prime and maximal ideals of partially ordered sets
We study several choice principles for systems of finite character and prove their equivalence to the Prime Ideal Theorem in ZF set theory without Axiom of Choice, among them the Intersection Lemma (stating that if is a system of finite character then so is the system of all collections of finite subsets of meeting a common member of ), the Finite Cutset Lemma (a finitary version of the Teichm“uller-Tukey Lemma), and various compactness theorems. Several implications between these statements...
The stability of the Lindelöf property under the formation of products and of sums is investigated in ZF (= Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory without AC, the axiom of choice). It is • not surprising that countable summability of the Lindelöf property requires some weak choice principle, • highly surprising, however, that productivity of the Lindelöf property is guaranteed by a drastic failure of AC, • amusing that finite summability of the Lindelöf property takes place if either some weak choice principle...
In ZF (i.e., Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory without the Axiom of Choice) the following statements are shown to be equivalent: (i) The axiom of dependent choice. (ii) Products of compact Hausdorff spaces are Baire. (iii) Products of pseudocompact spaces are Baire. (iv) Products of countably compact, regular spaces are Baire. (v) Products of regular-closed spaces are Baire. (vi) Products of Čech-complete spaces are Baire. (vii) Products of pseudo-complete spaces are Baire.
An example of a non-zero non-atomic translation-invariant Borel measure on the Banach space is constructed in Solovay’s model. It is established that, for 1 ≤ p < ∞, the condition "-almost every element of has a property P" implies that “almost every” element of (in the sense of [4]) has the property P. It is also shown that the converse is not valid.
In ZF, i.e., the Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory minus the Axiom of Choice AC, we investigate the relationship between the Tychonoff product , where 2 is 2 = 0,1 with the discrete topology, and the Stone space S(X) of the Boolean algebra of all subsets of X, where X = ω,ℝ. We also study the possible placement of well-known topological statements which concern the cited spaces in the hierarchy of weak choice principles.
We shall prove that Sacks algebra is nowhere -distributive, which implies that Sacks forcing collapses to .
We provide upper and lower bounds in consistency strength for the theories “ZF + + All successor cardinals except successors of uncountable limit cardinals are regular + Every uncountable limit cardinal is singular + The successor of every uncountable limit cardinal is singular of cofinality ω” and “ZF + + All successor cardinals except successors of uncountable limit cardinals are regular + Every uncountable limit cardinal is singular + The successor of every uncountable limit cardinal is singular...
A two-point set is a subset of the plane which meets every line in exactly two points. By working in models of set theory other than ZFC, we demonstrate two new constructions of two-point sets. Our first construction shows that in ZFC + CH there exist two-point sets which are contained within the union of a countable collection of concentric circles. Our second construction shows that in certain models of ZF, we can show the existence of two-point sets without explicitly invoking the Axiom of Choice....