Improving dense packings of equal disks in a square.
The study of domination in Cartesian products has received its main motivation from attempts to settle a conjecture made by V.G. Vizing in 1968. He conjectured that γ(G)γ(H) is a lower bound for the domination number of the Cartesian product of any two graphs G and H. Most of the progress on settling this conjecture has been limited to verifying the conjectured lower bound if one of the graphs has a certain structural property. In addition, a number of authors have established bounds for dominating...
Increasing integer sequences include many instances of interesting sequences and combinatorial structures, ranging from tournaments to addition chains, from permutations to sequences having the Goldbach property that any integer greater than 1 can be obtained as the sum of two elements in the sequence. The paper introduces and compares several of these classes of sequences, discussing recurrence relations, enumerative problems and questions concerning shortest sequences.
A general model of a random digraph D(n,P) is considered. Based on a precise estimate of the asymptotic behaviour of the distribution function of the binomial law, a problem of the distribution of extreme in-degrees of D(n,P) is discussed.
Bipartite graphs G = (L,R;E) and H = (L’,R’;E’) are bi-placeabe if there is a bijection f:L∪R→ L’∪R’ such that f(L) = L’ and f(u)f(v) ∉ E’ for every edge uv ∈ E. We prove that if G and H are two bipartite balanced graphs of order |G| = |H| = 2p ≥ 4 such that the sizes of G and H satisfy ||G|| ≤ 2p-3 and ||H|| ≤ 2p-2, and the maximum degree of H is at most 2, then G and H are bi-placeable, unless G and H is one of easily recognizable couples of graphs. This result implies easily that for integers...
In 1982 Laborde, Payan and Xuong [Independent sets and longest directed paths in digraphs, in: Graphs and other combinatorial topics (Prague, 1982) 173-177 (Teubner-Texte Math., 59 1983)] conjectured that every digraph has an independent detour transversal (IDT), i.e. an independent set which intersects every longest path. Havet [Stable set meeting every longest path, Discrete Math. 289 (2004) 169-173] showed that the conjecture holds for digraphs with independence number two. A digraph is p-deficient...