Let V be a variety with two distinct nullary operations 0 and 1. An algebra 𝔄 ∈ V is called balanced if for each Φ,Ψ ∈ Con(𝔄), we have [0]Φ = [0]Ψ if and only if [1]Φ = [1]Ψ. The variety V is called balanced if every 𝔄 ∈ V is balanced. In this paper, balanced varieties are characterized by a Mal'cev condition (Theorem 3). Furthermore, some special results are given for varieties of bounded lattices.
We characterize d-lattices as those bounded lattices in which every maximal filter/ideal is prime, and we show that a d-lattice is complemented iff it is balanced iff all prime filters/ideals are maximal.
A generalized -algebra is called representable if it is a subdirect product of linearly ordered generalized -algebras. Let be the system of all congruence relations on such that the quotient algebra is representable. In the present paper we prove that the system has a least element.
In the present paper, we will show that the set of minimal elements of a full affine semigroup contains a free basis of the group generated by in . This will be applied to the study of the group for a semilocal ring .
The concept of a basic pseudoring is introduced. It is shown that every orthomodular lattice can be converted into a basic pseudoring by using of the term operation called Sasaki projection. It is given a mutual relationship between basic algebras and basic pseudorings. There are characterized basic pseudorings which can be converted into othomodular lattices.
In recent work we have shown that the reformulation of the classical Bell inequalities into the context of fuzzy probability calculus leads to related inequalities on the commutative conjunctor used for modelling pointwise fuzzy set intersection. Also, an important role has been attributed to commutative quasi-copulas. In this paper, we consider these new Bell-type inequalities for continuous t-norms. Our contribution is twofold: first, we prove that ordinal sums preserve these Bell-type inequalities;...
In this paper, we introduce the notion of a bi-BL-algebra, bi-filter, bi-deductive system and bi-Boolean elements of a bi-BL-algebra and deal with bi-filters in bi-BL-algebra. We study this structure and construct the quotient of bi-BL-algebra. Also present a classification for examples of proper bi-BL-algebras.
Compactifications of biframes are defined, and characterized internally by means of strong inclusions. The existing description of the compact, zero-dimensional coreflection of a biframe is used to characterize all zero-dimensional compactifications, and a criterion identifying them by their strong inclusions is given. In contrast to the above, two sufficient conditions and several examples show that the existence of smallest biframe compactifications differs significantly from the corresponding...
In this paper we characterize both the Clifford and left Clifford ordered semigroups by their bi-ideals and quasi-ideals. Also we characterize principal bi-ideal generated by an ordered idempotent in a completely regular ordered semigroup.
Two operators are constructed which make it possible to transform ternary relations into binary relations defined on binary relations and vice versa. A possible graphical representation of ternary relations is described.
A bipartite pseudo MV-algebra A is a pseudo MV-algebra such that A = M ∪ M ̃ for some proper ideal M of A. This class of pseudo MV-algebras, denoted BP, is investigated. The class of pseudo MV-algebras A such that A = M ∪ M ̃ for all maximal ideals M of A, denoted BP₀, is also studied and characterized.