Powerful amicable numbers
In the study of the -adic sum of digits function , the arithmetical function and for plays a very important role. In this paper, we firstly generalize the relation between and to a bijective relation between arithmetical functions. And as an application, we investigate some aspects of the sum of digits functions induced by binary infinite Gray codes . We can show that the difference of the sum of digits function, , is realized by an automaton. And the summation formula of the sum...