An analogue in certain unique factorization domains of the Euclid-Euler theorem on perfect numbers.
Let be irrational. Several authors studied the numberswhere is a positive integer and denotes the set of all real numbers of the form with restricted integer coefficients . The value of was determined for many particular Pisot numbers and for the golden number. In this paper the value of is determined for irrational numbers , satisfying with a positive integer .
An elementary proof is given of an arithmetic formula, which was stated but not proved by Liouville. An application of this formula yields a formula for the number of representations of a positive integer as the sum of twelve triangular numbers.
We give an effective procedure to find minimal bases for ideals of the ring of polynomials over the integers.
Let be a prime, and let be the Fermat quotient of to base . The following curious congruence was conjectured by L. Skula and proved by A. Granville In this note we establish the above congruence by entirely elementary number theory arguments.
We give a partial answer to a question of Carlitz asking for a closed formula for the number of distinct representations of an integer in the Fibonacci base.