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Waring's number for large subgroups of ℤ*ₚ*

Todd Cochrane, Derrick Hart, Christopher Pinner, Craig Spencer (2014)

Acta Arithmetica

Let p be a prime, ℤₚ be the finite field in p elements, k be a positive integer, and A be the multiplicative subgroup of nonzero kth powers in ℤₚ. The goal of this paper is to determine, for a given positive integer s, a value tₛ such that if |A| ≫ tₛ then every element of ℤₚ is a sum of s kth powers. We obtain t = p 22 / 39 + ϵ , t = p 15 / 29 + ϵ and for s ≥ 6, t = p ( 9 s + 45 ) / ( 29 s + 33 ) + ϵ . For s ≥ 24 further improvements are made, such as t 32 = p 5 / 16 + ϵ and t 128 = p 1 / 4 .

Waring’s problem for Beatty sequences and a local to global principle

William D. Banks, Ahmet M. Güloğlu, Robert C. Vaughan (2014)

Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux

We investigate in various ways the representation of a large natural number N as a sum of s positive k -th powers of numbers from a fixed Beatty sequence. Inter alia, a very general form of the local to global principle is established in additive number theory. Although the proof is very short, it depends on a deep theorem of M. Kneser.

Waring's problem for fields

William Ellison (2013)

Acta Arithmetica

If K is a field, denote by P(K,k) the a ∈ K which are sums of kth powers of elements of K, by P⁺(K,k) the set of a ∈ K which are sums of kth powers of totally positive elements of K. We give some simple conditions for which there exist integers w(K,k) and g(K,k) such that: a ∈ P(K,k) implies that a is the sum of at most w(K,k) kth powers; a ∈ P⁺(K,k) implies that a is the sum of at most g(K,k) totally positive kth powers. We apply the results to characterise functions that are sums of kth powers...

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