Wall's obstructions and Whitehead torsion.
In an earlier paper, the authors showed that standard semigroups , and play an important role in the classification of weaker versions of alg-universality of semigroup varieties. This paper shows that quasivarieties generated by and are neither relatively alg-universal nor -universal, while there do exist finite semigroups and generating the same semigroup variety as and respectively and the quasivarieties generated by and/or are quasivar-relatively -alg-universal and -universal...
In [2], Fuchs and Viljoen introduced and classified the -modules for a valuation ring R: an R-module M is a -module if for each divisible module X and each torsion module X with bounded order. The concept of a -module was extended to the setting of a torsion theory over an associative ring in [14]. In the present paper, we use categorical methods to investigate the -modules for a group graded ring. Our most complete result (Theorem 4.10) characterizes -modules for a strongly graded ring R...