Alon and Yuster give for independent identically distributed real or vector valued random variables X, Y combinatorially proved estimates of the form Prob(∥X − Y∥ ≤ b) ≤ c Prob(∥X − Y∥ ≤ a). We derive these using copositive matrices instead. By the same method we also give estimates for the real valued case, involving X + Y and X − Y, due to Siegmund-Schultze and von Weizsäcker as generalized by Dong, Li and Li. Furthermore, we formulate a version of the above inequalities as an integral inequality...

We first discuss a class of inequalities of Onofri type depending on a parameter, in the two-dimensional Euclidean space. The inequality holds for radial functions if the parameter is larger than $-1$. Without symmetry assumption, it holds if and only if the parameter is in the interval $(-1,0]$. The inequality gives us some insight on the symmetry breaking phenomenon for the extremal functions of the Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequality, in two space dimensions. In fact, for suitable sets of parameters (asymptotically...

Suppose $\Phi$ is a nonnegative, locally integrable, radial function on ${\mathbf{R}}^n$, which is nonincreasing in $\left|x\right|$. Set $\left(Tf\right)\left(x\right)={\int }_{R^n}\Phi (x-y)f\left(y\right)dy$ when $f\ge 0$ and $x\in {\mathbf{R}}^n$. Given $1\<p\<\infty$ and $v\ge 0$, we show there exists $C\>0$ so that ${\int }_{{\mathbf{R}}^n}\left(Tf\right)(x{)}^{p}v\left(x\right)dx\le C{\int }_{{\mathbf{R}}^n}f(x{)}^{p}dx$ for all $f\ge 0$, if and only if $C^{\text{'}}\>0$ exists with ${\int }_{Q}T(x_{Q}v\left)\right(x{)}^{p^{\text{'}}}dx\le C^{\text{'}}{\int }_{Q}v\left(x\right)dx\<\infty$ for all dyadic cubes Q, where $p^{\text{'}}=p/(p-1)$. This result is used to refine recent estimates of C.L. Fefferman and D.H. Phong on the distribution of eigenvalues of Schrödinger operators.

We consider a Vlasov-Fokker-Planck equation governing the evolution of the density of interacting and diffusive matter in the space of positions and velocities. We use a probabilistic interpretation to obtain convergence towards equilibrium in Wasserstein distance with an explicit exponential rate. We also prove a propagation of chaos property for an associated particle system, and give rates on the approximation of the solution by the particle system. Finally, a transportation inequality...

This paper presents different approaches, based on functional inequalities, to study the speed of convergence in total variation distance of ergodic diffusion processes with initial law satisfying a given integrability condition. To this end, we give a general upper bound “à la Pinsker” enabling us to study our problem firstly via usual functional inequalities (Poincaré inequality, weak Poincaré,…) and truncation procedure, and secondly through the introduction of new functional inequalities ${ℐ}_{\psi }$....

We generalize a well-known separation condition of Everitt and Giertz to a class of weighted symmetric partial differential operators defined on domains in ${ℝ}^n$. Also, for symmetric second-order ordinary differential operators we show that ${lim\; sup}_{t\to c}{\left(p{q}^{\text{'}}\right)}^{\text{'}}/q^2=\theta <2$ where $c$ is a singular point guarantees separation of $-{\left(p{y}^{\text{'}}\right)}^{\text{'}}+qy$ on its minimal domain and extend this criterion to the partial differential setting. As a particular example it is shown that $-\Delta y+qy$ is separated on its minimal domain if $q$ is superharmonic. For $n=1$ the criterion...