In this work, we present necessary and sufficient conditions for oscillation of all solutions of a second-order functional differential equation of type $${\left(r\left(t\right){\left(z^{\text{'}}\left(t\right)\right)}^{\gamma }\right)}^{\text{'}}+\sum _{i=1}^m{q}_i\left(t\right)x^{{\alpha }_i}\left({\sigma }_i\left(t\right)\right)=0,t\ge t_0,$$ where $z\left(t\right)=x\left(t\right)+p\left(t\right)x\left(\tau \right(t\left)\right)$. Under the assumption ${\int }^{\infty }{\left(r\left(\eta \right)\right)}^{-1/\gamma }\mathrm{d}\eta =\infty$, we consider two cases when $\gamma >{\alpha }_i$ and $\gamma <{\alpha }_i$. Our main tool is Lebesgue’s dominated convergence theorem. Finally, we provide examples illustrating our results and state an open problem.

New oscillation criteria are obtained for all solutions of a class of first order nonlinear delay differential equations. Our results extend and improve the results recently obtained by Li and Kuang [7]. Some examples are given to demonstrate the advantage of our results over those in [7].

In this paper we study extremal properties of functional associated with the half–linear second order differential equation E${}_p$. Necessary and sufficient condition for nonnegativity of this functional is given in two special cases: the first case is when both points are regular and the second is the case, when one end point is singular. The obtained results extend the theory of quadratic functionals.

In this paper we consider the equation $$y^{\text{'}\text{'}\text{'}}+q\left(t\right){y^{\text{'}}}^{\alpha }+p\left(t\right)h\left(y\right)=0,$$ where $p,q$ are real valued continuous functions on $[0,\infty )$ such that $q\left(t\right)\ge 0$, $p\left(t\right)\ge 0$ and $h\left(y\right)$ is continuous in $(-\infty ,\infty )$ such that $h\left(y\right)y>0$ for $y\ne 0$. We obtain sufficient conditions for solutions of the considered equation to be nonoscillatory. Furthermore, the asymptotic behaviour of these nonoscillatory solutions is studied.

We study the existence and nonexistence of nonoscillatory solutions of a two-dimensional systemof first-order dynamic equations on time scales. Our approach is based on the Knaster and Schauder fixed point theorems and some certain integral conditions. Examples are given to illustrate some of our main results.