We investigate the behaviour of the measure of non-compactness of an operator under real interpolation. Our results refer to general Banach couples. An application to the essential spectral radius of interpolated operators is also given.

We study a problem of interpolating a linear operator which is bounded on some family of characteristic functions. A new example is given of a Banach couple of function spaces for which such interpolation is possible. This couple is of the form $\overline{\Phi }=(B,L^{\infty })$ where B is an arbitrary Banach lattice of measurable functions on a σ-finite nonatomic measure space (Ω,Σ,μ). We also give an equivalent expression for the norm of a function ⨍ in the real interpolation space ${(B,L^{\infty })}_{\theta ,p}$ in terms of the characteristic functions of...

A scale of function spaces is considered which proved to be of considerable importance in analysis. Interpolation properties of these spaces are studied by means of the real interpolation method. The main result consists in demonstrating that this scale is interpolated in a way different from that for Lp spaces, namely, the interpolation space is not from this scale.

The paper is devoted to some aspects of the real interpolation method in the case of triples (X₀,X₁,Q) where X̅: = (X₀,X₁) is a Banach couple and Q is a convex cone. The first fundamental result of the theory, the interpolation theorem, holds in this situation (for linear operators preserving the cone structure). The second one, the reiteration theorem, holds only under some conditions on the triple. One of these conditions, the so-called intersection property, is studied for cones with respect...

We prove that the basic facts of the real interpolation method remain true for couples of cones obtained by intersection of the cone of concave functions with rearrangement invariant spaces.

In Hörmander inner product spaces, we investigate initial-boundary value problems for an arbitrary second order parabolic partial differential equation and the Dirichlet or a general first-order boundary conditions. We prove that the operators corresponding to these problems are isomorphisms between appropriate Hörmander spaces. The regularity of the functions which form these spaces is characterized by a pair of number parameters and a function parameter varying regularly at infinity in the sense...

Józef Marcinkiewicz’s (1910-1940) name is not known by many people, except maybe a small group of mathematicians, although his influence on the analysis and probability theory of the twentieth century was enormous. This survey of his life and work is in honour of the ${100}^{th}$ anniversary of his birth and ${70}^{th}$ anniversary of his death. The discussion is divided into two periods of Marcinkiewicz’s life. First, 1910-1933, that is, from his birth to his graduation from the University of Stefan Batory in Vilnius,...

We briefly review Marcinkiewicz's work, on analysis, on probability, and on the interplay between the two. Our emphasis is on the continuing vitality of Marcinkiewicz's work, as evidenced by its influence on the standard works. What is striking is how many of the themes that Marcinkiewicz studied (alone, or with Zygmund) are very much alive today. What this demonstrates is that Marcinkiewicz and Zygmund, as well as having extraordinary mathematical ability, also had excellent mathematical taste.

We study limiting K- and J-methods for arbitrary Banach couples. They are related by duality and they extend the methods already known in the ordered case. We investigate the behaviour of compact operators and we also discuss the representation of the methods by means of the corresponding dual functional. Finally, some examples of limiting function spaces are given.

We present, discuss and apply two reiteration theorems for triples of quasi-Banach function lattices. Some interpolation results for block-Lorentz spaces and triples of weighted $L_p$-spaces are proved. By using these results and a wavelet theory approach we calculate (θ,q)-spaces for triples of smooth function spaces (such as Besov spaces, Sobolev spaces, etc.). In contrast to the case of couples, for which even the scale of Besov spaces is not stable under interpolation, for triples we obtain stability...

Martingale Hardy spaces and BMO spaces generated by an operator T are investigated. An atomic decomposition of the space $H_p^T$ is given if the operator T is predictable. We generalize the John-Nirenberg theorem, namely, we prove that the $BM{O}_q$ spaces generated by an operator T are all equivalent. The sharp operator is also considered and it is verified that the $L_p$ norm of the sharp operator is equivalent to the $H_p^T$ norm. The interpolation spaces between the Hardy and BMO spaces are identified by the real method....

We study the measure of non-compactness of operators between abstract real interpolation spaces. We prove an estimate of this measure, depending on the fundamental function of the space. An application to the spectral theory of linear operators is presented.

Logarithmic convexity of a measure of weak noncompactness for bounded linear operators under Calderón’s complex interpolation is proved. This is a quantitative version for weakly noncompact operators of the following: if T: A₀ → B₀ or T: A₁ → B₁ is weakly compact, then so is $T:A_{\left[\theta \right]}\to B_{\left[\theta \right]}$ for all 0 < θ < 1, where $A_{\left[\theta \right]}$ and $B_{\left[\theta \right]}$ are interpolation spaces with respect to the pairs (A₀,A₁) and (B₀,B₁). Some formulae for this measure and relations to other quantities measuring weak noncompactness are established.

An important result on submajorization, which goes back to Hardy, Littlewood and Pólya, states that b ⪯ a if and only if there is a doubly stochastic matrix A such that b = Aa. We prove that under monotonicity assumptions on the vectors a and b the matrix A may be chosen monotone. This result is then applied to show that $(\widetilde{L^p},L^{\infty })$ is a Calderón couple for 1 ≤ p < ∞, where $\widetilde{L^p}$ is the Köthe dual of the Cesàro space $Ce{s}_{p^{\text{'}}}$ (or equivalently the down space $L_{\downarrow }^{p^{\text{'}}}$). In particular, $(\widetilde{L¹},L^{\infty })$ is a Calderón couple, which gives a...

This paper is an informal presentation of material from [28]–[34]. The monotone envelopes of a function, including the level function, are introduced and their properties are studied. Applications to norm inequalities are given. The down space of a Banach function space is defined and connections are made between monotone envelopes and the norms of the down space and its dual. The connection is shown to be particularly close in the case of universally rearrangement invariant spaces. Next, two equivalent...

Some new examples of K-monotone couples of the type (X,X(w)), where X is a symmetric space on [0,1] and w is a weight on [0,1], are presented. Based on the property of w-decomposability of a symmetric space we show that, if a weight w changes sufficiently fast, all symmetric spaces X with non-trivial Boyd indices such that the Banach couple (X,X(w)) is K-monotone belong to the class of ultrasymmetric Orlicz spaces. If, in addition, the fundamental function of X is $t^{1/p}$ for some p ∈ [1,∞], then $X=L_p$. At...