Non-Simply-Connected Surgery and Some Results in Low Dimensional Topology.
We discuss relations among several invariants of 3-manifolds including Meyer's function, the η-invariant, the von Neumann ρ-invariant and the Casson invariant from the viewpoint of the mapping class group of a surface.
This is a survey of results and open problems on compact 3-manifolds which admit spines corresponding to cyclic presentations of groups. We also discuss questions concerning spines of knot manifolds and regular neighborhoods of homotopically PL embedded compacta in 3-manifolds.
We will show that for every irreducible closed 3-manifold M, other than the real projective space P³, there exists a piecewise linear map f: S → M where S is a non-orientable closed 2-manifold of Euler characteristic χ ≡ 2 (mod 3) such that for all x ∈ M, the closure of the set is a cubic graph G such that consists of 1/3(2-χ) + 2 simply connected regions, M - f(S) consists of two disjoint open 3-cells such that f(S) is the boundary of each of them, and f has some additional interesting properties....
It is proved that two planes that are properly homotopic in a noncompact, orientable, irreducible 3-manifold that is not homeomorphic to are isotopic. The end-reduction techniques of E. M. Brown and C. D. Feustal and M. G. Brin and T. L. Thickstun are used.