Let $a=(a_1,a_2,...,a_n)$ be a nonincreasing sequence of positive real numbers. Denote by $S=\{1,2,...,n\}$ the index set and by $J_k=\{I=\{r_1,r_2,...,r_k\}$, $1\le r_1<r_2<\cdots <r_k\le n\}$ the set of all subsets of $S$ of cardinality $k$, $1\le k\le n-1$. In addition, denote by $a_I=a_{r_1}+a_{r_2}+\cdots +a_{r_k}$, $1\le k\le n-1$, $1\le r_1<r_2<\cdots <r_k\le n$, the sum of $k$ arbitrary elements of sequence $a$, where $a_{I_1}=a_1+a_2+\cdots +a_k$ and $a_{I_n}=a_{n-k+1}+a_{n-k+2}+\cdots +a_n$. We consider bounds of the quantities $R{S}_k\left(a\right)=a_{I_1}/a_{I_n}$, $L{S}_k\left(a\right)=a_{I_1}-a_{I_n}$ and $S_{k,\alpha }\left(a\right)={\sum }_{I\in J_k}{a}_I^{\alpha }$ in terms of $A={\sum }_{i=1}^n{a}_i$ and $B={\sum }_{i=1}^n{a}_i^2$. Then we use the obtained results to generalize some results regarding Laplacian and normalized Laplacian eigenvalues of graphs.

A conjecture of Mácajová and Skoviera asserts that every bridgeless cubic graph has two perfect matchings whose intersection does not contain any odd edge cut. We prove this conjecture for graphs with few vertices and we give a stronger result for traceable graphs.

The paper brings explicit formula for enumeration of vertex-labeled split graphs with given number of vertices. The authors derive this formula combinatorially using an auxiliary assertion concerning number of split graphs with given clique number. In conclusion authors discuss enumeration of vertex-labeled bipartite graphs, i.e., a graphical class defined in a similar manner to the class of split graphs.

We consider the hard-core lattice gas model on ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$ and investigate its phase structure in high dimensions. We prove that when the intensity parameter exceeds $C{d}^{-1/3}{(logd)}^2$, the model exhibits multiple hard-core measures, thus improving the previous bound of $C{d}^{-1/4}{(logd)}^{3/4}$ given by Galvin and Kahn. At the heart of our approach lies the study of a certain class of edge cutsets in ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$, the so-called odd cutsets, that appear naturally as the boundary between different phases in the hard-core model. We provide a refined combinatorial...