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Exact 2 -step domination in graphs

Gary Chartrand, Frank Harary, Moazzem Hossain, Kelly Schultz (1995)

Mathematica Bohemica

For a vertex v in a graph G , the set N 2 ( v ) consists of those vertices of G whose distance from v is 2. If a graph G contains a set S of vertices such that the sets N 2 ( v ) , v S , form a partition of V ( G ) , then G is called a 2 -step domination graph. We describe 2 -step domination graphs possessing some prescribed property. In addition, all 2 -step domination paths and cycles are determined.

Extension of several sufficient conditions for Hamiltonian graphs

Ahmed Ainouche (2006)

Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

Let G be a 2-connected graph of order n. Suppose that for all 3-independent sets X in G, there exists a vertex u in X such that |N(X∖u)|+d(u) ≥ n-1. Using the concept of dual closure, we prove that 1. G is hamiltonian if and only if its 0-dual closure is either complete or the cycle C₇ 2. G is nonhamiltonian if and only if its 0-dual closure is either the graph ( K r K K ) K , 1 ≤ r ≤ s ≤ t or the graph ( ( n + 1 ) / 2 ) K K ( n - 1 ) / 2 . It follows that it takes a polynomial time to check the hamiltonicity or the nonhamiltonicity of a graph...

F -continuous graphs

Gary Chartrand, Elzbieta B. Jarrett, Farrokh Saba, Ebrahim Salehi, Ping Zhang (2001)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

For a nontrivial connected graph F , the F -degree of a vertex v in a graph G is the number of copies of F in G containing v . A graph G is F -continuous (or F -degree continuous) if the F -degrees of every two adjacent vertices of G differ by at most 1. All P 3 -continuous graphs are determined. It is observed that if G is a nontrivial connected graph that is F -continuous for all nontrivial connected graphs F , then either G is regular or G is a path. In the case of a 2-connected graph F , however, there...

Finding vertex-disjoint cycle cover of undirected graph using the least-squares method

Lamač, Jan, Vlasák, Miloslav (2023)

Programs and Algorithms of Numerical Mathematics

We investigate the properties of the least-squares solution of the system of equations with a matrix being the incidence matrix of a given undirected connected graph G and we propose an algorithm that uses this solution for finding a vertex-disjoint cycle cover (2-factor) of the graph G .

Fundamental groupoids of digraphs and graphs

Alexander Grigor'yan, Rolando Jimenez, Yuri Muranov (2018)

Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal

We introduce the notion of fundamental groupoid of a digraph and prove its basic properties. In particular, we obtain a product theorem and an analogue of the Van Kampen theorem. Considering the category of (undirected) graphs as the full subcategory of digraphs, we transfer the results to the category of graphs. As a corollary we obtain the corresponding results for the fundamental groups of digraphs and graphs. We give an application to graph coloring.

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