On Differences and sums of Integers, II
The arithmetic function ρ(n) counts the number of ways to write a positive integer n as a difference of two squares. Its average size is described by the Dirichlet summatory function Σn≤x ρ(n), and in particular by the error term R(x) in the corresponding asymptotics. This article provides a sharp lower bound as well as two mean-square results for R(x), which illustrates the close connection between ρ(n) and the number-of-divisors function d(n).
We prove that the Dirichlet series of Rankin–Selberg type associated with any pair of (not necessarily cuspidal) Siegel modular forms of degree and weight has meromorphic continuation to . Moreover, we show that the Petersson product of any pair of square–integrable modular forms of weight may be expressed in terms of the residue at of the associated Dirichlet series.
Let be a nonprincipal Dirichlet character modulo a prime number and let . Define the mean value We give an identity for which, in particular, shows that for fixed and .