On normal numbers and powers of algebraic numbers.
It is proved that a real-valued function , where I is an interval contained in [0,1), is not of the form with |q(x)|=1 a.e. if I has dyadic endpoints. A relation of this result to the uniform distribution mod 2 is also shown.
We give a necessary condition for a surjective representation Gal to arise from the -torsion of a -curve. We pay a special attention to the case of quadratic -curves.
Much recent progress in the 2-class field tower problem revolves around demonstrating infinite such towers for fields – in particular, quadratic fields – whose class groups have large 4-ranks. Generalizing to all primes, we use Golod-Safarevic-type inequalities to analyse the source of the -rank of the class group as a quantity of relevance in the -class field tower problem. We also make significant partial progress toward demonstrating that all real quadratic number fields whose class groups...