On a Bernoulli numbers conjectures.
In this paper, we study the properties of the sequence of polynomials given by , for , where is non-constant and the characteristic of is . This complements some results from R. Euler, L.H. Gallardo: On explicit formulae and linear recurrent sequences, Acta Math. Univ. Comenianae, 80 (2011) 213-219.
A homothetic arithmetic function of ratio is a function such that for every . Periodic arithmetic funtions are always homothetic, while the converse is not true in general. In this paper we study homothetic and periodic arithmetic functions. In particular we give an upper bound for the number of elements of in terms of the period and the ratio of .
A congruence of Emma Lehmer (1938) for Euler numbers modulo p in terms of a certain sum of reciprocals of squares of integers was recently extended to prime power moduli by T. Cai et al. We generalize this further to arbitrary composite moduli n and characterize those n for which the sum in question vanishes modulo n (or modulo n/3 when 3|n). Primes for which play an important role, and we present some numerical results.
Two infinite sequences A and B of non-negative integers are called infinite additive complements if their sum contains all sufficiently large integers. In 1994, Sárközy and Szemerédi conjectured that there exist infinite additive complements A and B with lim sup A(x)B(x)/x ≤ 1 and A(x)B(x)-x = O(minA(x),B(x)), where A(x) and B(x) are the counting functions of A and B, respectively. We prove that, for infinite additive complements A and B, if lim sup A(x)B(x)/x ≤ 1, then, for any given M > 1,...