On some inequalities connected with Fermat's equation.
Assertions on the congruence f(x) + g(y) + c ≡ 0 (mod xy) made without proof by Mordell in his paper in Acta Math. 88 (1952) are either proved or disproved.
Let f ∈ ℚ [X] and deg f ≤ 3. We prove that if deg f = 2, then the diophantine equation f(x)f(y) = f(z)² has infinitely many nontrivial solutions in ℚ (t). In the case when deg f = 3 and f(X) = X(X²+aX+b) we show that for all but finitely many a,b ∈ ℤ satisfying ab ≠ 0 and additionally, if p|a, then p²∤b, the equation f(x)f(y) = f(z)² has infinitely many nontrivial solutions in rationals.
Consider the equation in the title in unknown integers with , , , , and . Under the above conditions we give all solutions of the title equation (see Theorem 1).