Let $p$ be an odd prime and $c$ a fixed integer with $(c,p)=1$. For each integer $a$ with $1\le a\le p-1$, it is clear that there exists one and only one $b$ with $0\le b\le p-1$ such that $ab\equiv c$ (mod $p$). Let $N(c,p)$ denote the number of all solutions of the congruence equation $ab\equiv c$ (mod $p$) for $1\le a$, $b\le p-1$ in which $a$ and $\overline{b}$ are of opposite parity, where $\overline{b}$ is defined by the congruence equation $b\overline{b}\equiv 1(modp)$. The main purpose of this paper is to use the properties of Dedekind sums and the mean value theorem for Dirichlet $L$-functions to study the hybrid mean value problem involving...

The main purpose of this paper is to study the hybrid mean value of $\frac{L^{\text{'}}}{L}(1,\chi )$ and Gauss sums by using the estimates for trigonometric sums as well as the analytic method. An asymptotic formula for the hybrid mean value ${\sum }_{\chi \ne {\chi }_0}\left|\tau \left(\chi \right)\right||\frac{L^{\text{'}}}{L}{(1,\chi )|}^{2k}$ of $\frac{L^{\text{'}}}{L}$ and Gauss sums will be proved using analytic methods and estimates for trigonometric sums.

The Brun-Titchmarsh theorem shows that the number of primes which are less than x and congruent to a modulo q is less than (C+o(1))x/(ϕ(q)logx) for some value C depending on logx/logq. Different authors have provided different estimates for C in different ranges for logx/logq, all of which give C>2 when logx/logq is bounded. We show that one can take C=2 provided that logx/logq ≥ 8 and q is sufficiently large. Moreover, we also produce a lower bound of size $x/\left(q^{1/2}\varphi \left(q\right)\right)$ when logx/logq ≥ 8 and is bounded....

Let $q\ge 3$ be an integer, let $\chi$ denote a Dirichlet character modulo $q.$ For any real number $a\ge 0$ we define the generalized Dirichlet $L$-functions $$L(s,\chi ,a)=\sum _{n=1}^{\infty }\frac{\chi \left(n\right)}{{(n+a)}^s},$$ where $s=\sigma +\mathrm{i}t$ with $\sigma >1$ and $t$ both real. They can be extended to all $s$ by analytic continuation. In this paper we study the mean value properties of the generalized Dirichlet $L$-functions especially for $s=1$ and $s=\frac{1}{2}+\mathrm{i}t$, and obtain two sharp asymptotic formulas by using the analytic method and the theory of van der Corput.

We give explicit constants κ such that if χ is a real non-principal Dirichlet character for which L(1,χ) ≤ κ, then Chowla's hypothesis is not satisfied and we cannot use Chowla's method for proving that L(s,χ) > 0 for s > 0. These constants are larger than the previous ones κ = 1- log 2 = 0.306... and κ = 0.367... we obtained elsewhere.