Let $R$ be a commutative ring with nonzero identity, let $ℐ\left(ℛ\right)$ be the set of all ideals of $R$ and $\delta :ℐ\left(ℛ\right)\to ℐ\left(ℛ\right)$ an expansion of ideals of $R$ defined by $I\mapsto \delta \left(I\right)$. We introduce the concept of $(\delta ,2)$-primary ideals in commutative rings. A proper ideal $I$ of $R$ is called a $(\delta ,2)$-primary ideal if whenever $a,b\in R$ and $ab\in I$, then $a^2\in I$ or $b^2\in \delta \left(I\right)$. Our purpose is to extend the concept of $2$-ideals to $(\delta ,2)$-primary ideals of commutative rings. Then we investigate the basic properties of $(\delta ,2)$-primary ideals and also discuss the relations among $(\delta ,2)$-primary, $\delta$-primary and...

We study the multiplicative lattices $L$ which satisfy the condition $a=(a:(a:b\left)\right)(a:b)$ for all $a,b\in L$. Call them sharp lattices. We prove that every totally ordered sharp lattice is isomorphic to the ideal lattice of a valuation domain with value group $\mathbb{Z}$ or $ℝ$. A sharp lattice $L$ localized at its maximal elements are totally ordered sharp lattices. The converse is true if $L$ has finite character.

Butler groups formed by factoring a completely decomposable group by a rank one group have been studied extensively. We call such groups, bracket groups. We study bracket modules over integral domains. In particular, we are interested in when any bracket $R$-module is $R$ tensor a bracket group.

Let $K$ be a field, $A=K[X_1,\cdots ,X_n]$ and $𝕄$ the set of monomials of $A$. It is well known that the set of monomial ideals of $A$ is in a bijective correspondence with the set of all subsemiflows of the $𝕄$-semiflow $𝕄$. We generalize this to the case of term ideals of $A=R[X_1,\cdots ,X_n]$, where $R$ is a commutative Noetherian ring. A term ideal of $A$ is an ideal of $A$ generated by a family of terms $c{X}_1^{{\mu }_1}\cdots X_n^{{\mu }_n}$, where $c\in R$ and ${\mu }_1,\cdots ,{\mu }_n$ are integers $\ge 0$.

2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 20F55, 13F20; Secondary 14L30.We construct invariant polynomials for the reflection groups [3, 4, 3] and [3, 3, 5] by using some special sets of lines on the quadric P1 × P1 in P3. Then we give a simple proof of the well known fact that the ring of invariants are rationally generated in degree 2,6,8,12 and 2,12,20,30.

In this paper, a new kind of graph on a commutative ring is introduced and investigated. Small intersection graph of a ring $R$, denoted by $G\left(R\right)$, is a graph with all non-small proper ideals of $R$ as vertices and two distinct vertices $I$ and $J$ are adjacent if and only if $I\cap J$ is not small in $R$. In this article, some interrelation between the graph theoretic properties of this graph and some algebraic properties of rings are studied. We investigated the basic properties of the small intersection graph as diameter,...

The purpose of this article is to give, for any (commutative) ring $A$, an explicit minimal set of generators for the ring of multisymmetric functions ${\mathrm{T}S}_A^d\left(A[x_1,\cdots ,x_r]\right)={\left(A{[x_1,\cdots ,x_r]}^{{\otimes }_{A}d}\right)}^{{𝔖}_d}$ as an $A$-algebra. In characteristic zero, i.e. when $A$ is a $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra, a minimal set of generators has been known since the 19th century. A rather small generating set in the general case has also recently been given by Vaccarino but it is not minimal in general. We also give a sharp degree bound on the generators, improving the degree bound previously...

The main purpose of this article is to give an explicit algebraic action of the group $S_3$ of permutations of 3 elements on affine four-dimensional complex space which is not conjugate to a linear action.