A characterization of convolution and related operations.
We complete the characterization of Ext(G,ℤ) for any torsion-free abelian group G assuming Gödel’s axiom of constructibility plus there is no weakly compact cardinal. In particular, we prove in (V = L) that, for a singular cardinal ν of uncountable cofinality which is less than the first weakly compact cardinal and for every sequence of cardinals satisfying (where Π is the set of all primes), there is a torsion-free abelian group G of size ν such that equals the p-rank of Ext(G,ℤ) for every...
Let be a non-elementary complex hyperbolic Kleinian group. If preserves a complex line, then is -Fuchsian; if preserves a Lagrangian plane, then is -Fuchsian; is Fuchsian if is either -Fuchsian or -Fuchsian. In this paper, we prove that if the traces of all elements in are real, then is Fuchsian. This is an analogous result of Theorem V.G. 18 of B. Maskit, Kleinian Groups, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988, in the setting of complex hyperbolic isometric groups. As an application...
Let G be an additive abelian group of order k, and S be a sequence over G of length k+r, where 1 ≤ r ≤ k-1. We call the sum of k terms of S a k-sum. We show that if 0 is not a k-sum, then the number of k-sums is at least r+2 except for S containing only two distinct elements, in which case the number of k-sums equals r+1. This result improves the Bollobás-Leader theorem, which states that there are at least r+1 k-sums if 0 is not a k-sum.