Le problème de la finitude du nombre de cycles limites
We study planar polynomial differential equations with homogeneous components. This kind of equations present a simple and well known dynamics when the degrees (n and m) of both components coincide. Here we consider the case and we show that the dynamics is more complicated. In fact, we prove that such systems can exhibit periodic orbits only when nm is odd. Furthermore, for nm odd we give examples of such differential equations with at least (n+m)/2 limit cycles.
The two-parameter Hamiltonian system with the autonomous perturbation is considered. Via the Mel’nikov method, existence and uniqueness of a limit cycle of the system in a certain region of a two-dimensional space of parameters is proved.
We prove that in quadratic perturbations of generic Hamiltonian vector fields with two saddle points and one center there can appear at most two limit cycles. This bound is exact.