The concept of lushness, introduced recently, is a Banach space property, which ensures that the space has numerical index 1. We prove that for Asplund spaces lushness is actually equivalent to having numerical index 1. We prove that every separable Banach space containing an isomorphic copy of c₀ can be renormed equivalently to be lush, and thus to have numerical index 1. The rest of the paper is devoted to the study of lushness just as a property of Banach spaces. We prove that lushness is separably...

We consider a general concept of Daugavet property with respect to a norming subspace. This concept covers both the usual Daugavet property and its weak* analogue. We introduce and study analogues of narrow operators and rich subspaces in this general setting and apply the results to show that a quotient of L₁[0,1] by an ℓ₁-subspace need not have the Daugavet property. The latter answers in the negative a question posed to us by A. Pełczyński.

We describe the general form of isometries between uniformly closed function algebras on locally compact Hausdorff spaces in a continuation of the study by Miura. We can actually obtain the form on the Shilov boundary, rather than just on the Choquet boundary. We also give an example showing that the form cannot be extended to the whole maximal ideal space.

In this paper we first consider a real-linear isometry T from a certain subspace A of C(X) (endowed with supremum norm) into C(Y) where X and Y are compact Hausdorff spaces and give a result concerning the description of T whenever A is a uniform algebra on X. The result is improved for the case where T(A) is, in addition, a complex subspace of C(Y). We also give a similar description for the case where A is a function space on X and the range of T is a real subspace of C(Y) satisfying a ceratin...

Let A and B be uniformly closed function algebras on locally compact Hausdorff spaces with Choquet boundaries Ch A and ChB, respectively. We prove that if T: A → B is a surjective real-linear isometry, then there exist a continuous function κ: ChB → z ∈ ℂ: |z| = 1, a (possibly empty) closed and open subset K of ChB and a homeomorphism φ: ChB → ChA such that T(f) = κ(f ∘φ) on K and $T\left(f\right)=\kappa \overline{fo\phi }$ on ChB K for all f ∈ A. Such a representation holds for surjective real-linear isometries between (not necessarily...

The aim of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art of recent research concerning the numerical index of Banach spaces, by presenting some of the results found in the last years and proposing a number of related open problems.

Some characterizations of inner product spaces in terms of Birkhoff orthogonality are given. In this connection we define the rectangular modulus ${\mu }_{{}_X}$ of the normed space $X$. The values of the rectangular modulus at some noteworthy points are well-known constants of $X$. Characterizations (involving ${\mu }_{{}_X})$ of inner product spaces of dimension $\ge 2$, respectively $\ge 3$, are given and the behaviour of ${\mu }_{{}_X}$ is studied.

We investigate the reflexivity of the isometry group and the automorphism group of some important metric linear spaces and a1gebras. The paper consists of the following sections: 1. Preliminaries. 2. Sequence spaces. 3. Spaces of measurable functions. Hardy spaces. 5. Banach algebras of holomorphic functions. 6. Fréchet algebras of holomorphic functions. 7. Spaces of continuous functions.

A well-known result for bounded sets in inductive limits of locally convex spaces is the following: If each of the constituent spaces En are Fréchet spaces and E is the inductive limit of the spaces En, then each bounded subset of E is bounded in some En iff E is locally complete. Using DeWilde's localization theorem, we show here that the completeness of each En and the local completeness of E may be replaced with the conditions that the spaces En are all webbed K-spaces and E is locally Baire,...

We provide for every 2 ≤ k ≤ n an n-dimensional Banach space E with a unique distance ellipsoid such that there are precisely k linearly independent contact points between and $B_E$. The corresponding result holds for spaces with non-unique distance ellipsoids as well. We construct n-dimensional Banach spaces E such that one distance ellipsoid has precisely k linearly independent contact points and all other distance ellipsoids have less than k-1 such points.

We investigate rich subspaces of L₁ and deduce an interpolation property of Sidon sets. We also present examples of rich separable subspaces of nonseparable Banach spaces and we study the Daugavet property of tensor products.

We consider 1-complemented subspaces (ranges of contractive projections) of vector-valued spaces ${\ell }_p\left(X\right)$, where X is a Banach space with a 1-unconditional basis and p ∈ (1,2) ∪ (2,∞). If the norm of X is twice continuously differentiable and satisfies certain conditions connecting the norm and the notion of disjointness with respect to the basis, then we prove that every 1-complemented subspace of ${\ell }_p\left(X\right)$ admits a basis of mutually disjoint elements. Moreover, we show that every contractive projection is then...

We survey several applications of Simons’ inequality and state related open problems. We show that if a Banach space X has a strongly sub-differentiable norm, then every bounded weakly closed subset of X is an intersection of finite union of balls.

We characterize Hilbert spaces among Banach spaces in terms of transitivity with respect to nicely behaved subgroups of the isometry group. For example, the following result is typical: If X is a real Banach space isomorphic to a Hilbert space and convex-transitive with respect to the isometric finite-dimensional perturbations of the identity, then X is already isometric to a Hilbert space.

We study strict u-ideals in Banach spaces. A Banach space X is a strict u-ideal in its bidual when the canonical decomposition $X***=X*\oplus X^{\perp }$ is unconditional. We characterize Banach spaces which are strict u-ideals in their bidual and show that if X is a strict u-ideal in a Banach space Y then X contains c₀. We also show that ${\ell }_{\infty }$ is not a u-ideal.

We answer two open questions concerning the recently introduced notions of slicely countably determined (SCD) sets and SCD operators in Banach spaces. An application to narrow operators in spaces with the Daugavet property is given.