We study when a topological space has a weaker connected topology. Various sufficient and necessary conditions are given for a space to have a weaker Hausdorff or regular connected topology. It is proved that the property of a space of having a weaker Tychonoff topology is preserved by any of the free topological group functors. Examples are given for non-preservation of this property by “nice” continuous mappings. The requirement that a space have a weaker Tychonoff connected topology is rather...

It is shown that if $X$ is a first-countable countably compact subspace of ordinals then $C_p\left(X\right)$ is Lindelöf. This result is used to construct an example of a countably compact space $X$ such that the extent of $C_p\left(X\right)$ is less than the Lindelöf number of $C_p\left(X\right)$. This example answers negatively Reznichenko’s question whether Baturov’s theorem holds for countably compact spaces.

A probabilistic secret sharing scheme is a joint probability distribution of the shares and the secret together with a collection of secret recovery functions. The study of schemes using arbitrary probability spaces and unbounded number of participants allows us to investigate their abstract properties, to connect the topic to other branches of mathematics, and to discover new design paradigms. A scheme is perfect if unqualified subsets have no information on the secret, that is, their total share...

This work presents some cardinal inequalities in which appears the closed pseudo-character, ${\psi }_c$, of a space. Using one of them — ${\psi }_c\left(X\right)\le 2^{d\left(X\right)}$ for $T_2$ spaces — we improve, from $T_3$ to $T_2$ spaces, the well-known result that initially $\kappa$-compact $T_3$ spaces are $\lambda$-bounded for all cardinals $\lambda$ such that $2^{\lambda }\le \kappa$. And then, using an idea of A. Dow, we prove that initially $\kappa$-compact $T_2$ spaces are in fact compact for $\kappa =2^{F\left(X\right)}$, $2^{s\left(X\right)}$, $2^{t\left(X\right)}$, $2^{\chi \left(X\right)}$, $2^{{\psi }_c\left(X\right)}$ or $\kappa =max\{{\tau }^{+},{\tau }^{<\tau }\}$, where $\tau >t(p,X)$ for all $p\in X$.

We call a topological space $\kappa$-compact if every subset of size $\kappa$ has a complete accumulation point in it. Let $\Phi (\mu ,\kappa ,\lambda )$ denote the following statement: $\mu <\kappa <\lambda =cf\left(\lambda \right)$ and there is $\{S_{\xi }:\xi <\lambda \}\subset {\left[\kappa \right]}^{\mu }$ such that $\left|\right\{\xi :|S_{\xi }\cap A|=\mu \left\}\right|<\lambda$ whenever $A\in {\left[\kappa \right]}^{<\kappa }$. We show that if $\Phi (\mu ,\kappa ,\lambda )$ holds and the space $X$ is both $\mu$-compact and $\lambda$-compact then $X$ is $\kappa$-compact as well. Moreover, from PCF theory we deduce $\Phi (cf\left(\kappa \right),\kappa ,{\kappa }^{+})$ for every singular cardinal $\kappa$. As a corollary we get that a linearly Lindelöf and ${\aleph }_{\omega }$-compact space is uncountably compact, that is $\kappa$-compact for all uncountable cardinals $\kappa$.

Given two topologies, $T_1$ and $T_2$, on the same set X, the intersection topologywith respect to $T_1$ and $T_2$ is the topology with basis $U_1\cap U_2:U_1\in T_1,U_2\in T_2$. Equivalently, T is the join of $T_1$ and $T_2$ in the lattice of topologies on the set X. Following the work of Reed concerning intersection topologies with respect to the real line and the countable ordinals, Kunen made an extensive investigation of normality, perfectness and ${\omega }_1$-compactness in this class of topologies. We demonstrate that the majority of his results generalise...