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Complexity of curves

Udayan B. Darji, Alberto Marcone (2004)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

We show that each of the classes of hereditarily locally connected, finitely Suslinian, and Suslinian continua is Π₁¹-complete, while the class of regular continua is Π₀⁴-complete.

Composant-like decompositions

Wojciech Dębski, E. Tymchatyn (1991)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

The body of this paper falls into two independent sections. The first deals with the existence of cross-sections in F σ -decompositions. The second deals with the extensions of the results on accessibility in the plane.

Composants of the horseshoe

Christoph Bandt (1994)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

The horseshoe or bucket handle continuum, defined as the inverse limit of the tent map, is one of the standard examples in continua theory as well as in dynamical systems. It is not arcwise connected. Its arcwise components coincide with composants, and with unstable manifolds in the dynamical setting. Knaster asked whether these composants are all homeomorphic, with the obvious exception of the zero composant. Partial results were obtained by Bellamy (1979), Dębski and Tymchatyn (1987), and Aarts...

Compositions of simple maps

Jerzy Krzempek (1999)

Fundamenta Mathematicae

A map (= continuous function) is of order ≤ k if each of its point-inverses has at most k elements. Following [4], maps of order ≤ 2 are called simple.  Which maps are compositions of simple closed [open, clopen] maps? How many simple maps are really needed to represent a given map? It is proved herein that every closed map of order ≤ k defined on an n-dimensional metric space is a composition of (n+1)k-1 simple closed maps (with metric domains). This theorem fails to be true...

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