The characterization of the domain of the Friedrichs extension as a restriction of the maximal domain is well known. It depends on principal solutions. Here we establish a characterization as an extension of the minimal domain. Our proof is different and closer in spirit to the Friedrichs construction. It starts with the assumption that the minimal operator is bounded below and does not directly use oscillation theory.

The sum-product algorithm is a well-known procedure for marginalizing an “acyclic” product function whose range is the ground set of a commutative semiring. The algorithm is general enough to include as special cases several classical algorithms developed in information theory and probability theory. We present four results. First, using the sum-product algorithm we show that the variable sets involved in an acyclic factorization satisfy a relation that is a natural generalization of probability-theoretic...

We show that the super fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense are equivalent. As a consequence, we obtain fixed point theorems for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in uniformly nonsquare and uniformly noncreasy Banach spaces. The results are generalized to commuting families of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings.

In this paper we consider a class of three-term recurrence relations, whose associated tridiagonal matrices are subnormal operators. In this cases, there are measures associated to the polynomials given by such relations. We study the support of these measures.

We give an explicit formula for the symbol of a function of an operator. Given a pseudo-differential operator $\widehat{A}$ on $L^2\left({ℝ}^N\right)$ with symbol $A\in {𝒞}^{\infty }\left(T^{*}{ℝ}^N\right)$ and a smooth function $f$, we obtain the symbol of $f\left(\widehat{A}\right)$ in terms of $A$. As an application, Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rules are explicitly calculated at order 4 in $\hslash$.

An explicit representation of the n-fold symmetric tensor product (equipped with a natural topology τ such as the projective, injective or inductive one) of the finite direct sum of locally convex spaces is presented. The formula for ${⨂}_{\tau ,s}^n\left(F_1⨁F_2\right)$ gives a direct proof of a recent result of Díaz and Dineen (and generalizes it to other topologies τ) that the n-fold projective symmetric and the n-fold projective “full” tensor product of a locally convex space E are isomorphic if E is isomorphic to its square $E^2$.

Suppose $\Phi$ is a nonnegative, locally integrable, radial function on ${\mathbf{R}}^n$, which is nonincreasing in $\left|x\right|$. Set $\left(Tf\right)\left(x\right)={\int }_{R^n}\Phi (x-y)f\left(y\right)dy$ when $f\ge 0$ and $x\in {\mathbf{R}}^n$. Given $1\<p\<\infty$ and $v\ge 0$, we show there exists $C\>0$ so that ${\int }_{{\mathbf{R}}^n}\left(Tf\right)(x{)}^{p}v\left(x\right)dx\le C{\int }_{{\mathbf{R}}^n}f(x{)}^{p}dx$ for all $f\ge 0$, if and only if $C^{\text{'}}\>0$ exists with ${\int }_{Q}T(x_{Q}v\left)\right(x{)}^{p^{\text{'}}}dx\le C^{\text{'}}{\int }_{Q}v\left(x\right)dx\<\infty$ for all dyadic cubes Q, where $p^{\text{'}}=p/(p-1)$. This result is used to refine recent estimates of C.L. Fefferman and D.H. Phong on the distribution of eigenvalues of Schrödinger operators.