For every countable ordinal α, we construct an $l_1$-predual $X_{\alpha }$ which is isometric to a subspace of $C\left({\omega }^{{\omega }^{{\omega }^{\alpha }+2}}\right)$ and isomorphic to a quotient of $C\left({\omega }^{\omega }\right)$. However, $X_{\alpha }$ is not isomorphic to a subspace of $C\left({\omega }^{{\omega }^{\alpha }}\right)$.

Let U, V be two symmetric convex bodies in ${ℝ}^n$ and |U|, |V| their n-dimensional volumes. It is proved that there exist vectors $u_1,...,u_n\in U$ such that, for each choice of signs ${\epsilon }_1,...,{\epsilon }_n=\pm 1$, one has ${\epsilon }_1{u}_1+...+{\epsilon }_n{u}_n\notin rV$ where $r={\left(2\pi e^2\right)}^{-1/2}{n}^{1/2}\left(\right|U|/{\left|V\right|)}^{1/n}$. Hence it is deduced that if a metrizable locally convex space is not nuclear, then it contains a null sequence $\left(u_n\right)$ such that the series ${\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }{\epsilon }_n{u}_{\pi \left(n\right)}$ is divergent for any choice of signs ${\epsilon }_n=\pm 1$ and any permutation π of indices.

We define a class of ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$-actions, d ≥ 2, called product ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$-actions. For every such action we find a connection between its spectrum and the spectra of automorphisms generating this action. We prove that for any subset A of the positive integers such that 1 ∈ A there exists a weakly mixing ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$-action, d≥2, having A as the set of essential values of its multiplicity function. We also apply this class to construct an ergodic ${\mathbb{Z}}^d$-action with Lebesgue component of multiplicity $2^{d}k$, where k is an arbitrary...

We prove that there exists an absolute constant c such that for any positive integer n and any system Φ of $2^n$ characters of a compact abelian group, $2^{-n/2}{t}_{\Phi }\left(T\right)\le c{n}^{-1/2}{t}_n\left(T\right)$, where T is an arbitrary operator between Banach spaces, $t_{\Phi }\left(T\right)$ is the type norm of T with respect to Φ and $t_n\left(T\right)$ is the usual Rademacher type-2 norm computed with n vectors. For the system of the first $2^n$ Walsh functions this is even true with c=1. This result combined with known properties of such type norms provides easy access to quantitative...

For every closed subset C in the dual space ${Ĥ}_n$ of the Heisenberg group $H_n$ we describe via the Fourier transform the elements of the hull-minimal ideal j(C) of the Schwartz algebra $S\left(H_n\right)$ and we show that in general for two closed subsets $C_1,C_2$ of ${Ĥ}_n$ the product of $j\left(C_1\right)$ and $j\left(C_2\right)$ is different from $j\left(C_1\cap C_2\right)$.

Let E be a Banach space. Let $L{¹}_{\left(1\right)}({ℝ}^d,E)$ be the Sobolev space of E-valued functions on ${ℝ}^d$ with the norm ${ʃ}_{{ℝ}^d}\parallel f{\parallel }_{E}dx+{ʃ}_{{ℝ}^d}\parallel \nabla f{\parallel }_{E}dx=\parallel f\parallel ₁+\parallel \nabla f\parallel ₁$. It is proved that if $f\in L{¹}_{\left(1\right)}({ℝ}^d,E)$ then there exists a sequence $\left(g_m\right)\subset L_{\left(1\right)}¹({ℝ}^d,E)$ such that $f={\sum }_m{g}_m$; ${\sum }_m(\parallel g_m\parallel ₁+\parallel \nabla g_m\parallel ₁)<\infty$; and $\parallel g_m{\parallel }_{\infty }^{1/d}\parallel g_m\parallel {₁}^{(d-1)/d}\le b\parallel \nabla g_m\parallel ₁$ for m = 1, 2,..., where b is an absolute constant independent of f and E. The result is applied to prove various refinements of the Sobolev type embedding $L_{\left(1\right)}¹({ℝ}^d,E)\hookrightarrow L²({ℝ}^d,E)$. In particular, the embedding into Besov spaces $L{¹}_{\left(1\right)}({ℝ}^d,E)\hookrightarrow B_{p,1}^{\theta (p,d)}({ℝ}^d,E)$ is proved, where $\theta (p,d)=d(p^{-1}+d^{-1}-1)$ for 1 < p ≤ d/(d-1), d=1,2,... The latter embedding in the scalar case is due to Bourgain...

Every separable, infinite-dimensional Banach space X has a biorthogonal sequence $z_n,z{*}_n$, with $spanz{*}_n$ norming on X and $\parallel z_n\parallel +\parallel z{*}_n\parallel$ bounded, so that, for every x in X and x* in X*, there exists a permutation π(n) of n so that $x\in \overline{conv}finitesubseriesof{\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }z{*}_n\left(x\right)z_{n}andx{*}_n\left(x\right)={\sum }_{n=1}^{\infty }z{*}_{\pi \left(n\right)}\left(x\right)x*\left(z_{\pi \left(n\right)}\right)$.

We give a characterization of the pairs of weights (v,w), with w in the class $A_{\infty }$ of Muckenhoupt, for which the fractional maximal function is a bounded operator from $L^p(X,vd\mu )$ to $L^q(X,wd\mu )$ when 1 < p ≤ q < ∞ and X is a space of homogeneous type.

It is shown that under certain conditions on $c_{jk}$, the rectangular partial sums $s_{mn}(x,y)$ converge uniformly on $T^2$. These conditions include conditions of bounded variation of order (1,0), (0,1), and (1,1) with the weights |j|, |k|, |jk|, respectively. The convergence rate is also established. Corresponding to the mentioned conditions, an analogous condition for single trigonometric series is ${\sum }_{\left|k\right|=n}^{\infty }\left|\Delta c_k\right|=o(1/n)$ (as n → ∞). For O-regularly varying quasimonotone sequences, we prove that it is equivalent to the condition:...

We consider a convolution operator Tf = p.v. Ω ⁎ f with $\Omega \left(x\right)=K\left(x\right)e^{ih\left(x\right)}$, where K(x) is an (n,β) kernel near the origin and an (α,β), α ≥ n, kernel away from the origin; h(x) is a real-valued $C^{\infty }$ function on ${ℝ}^n\setminus 0$. We give a criterion for such an operator to be bounded from the space $H_0^p\left({ℝ}^n\right)$ into itself.

A holomorphic family $f_z$, |z|<1, of injections of a compact set E into the Riemann sphere can be extended to a holomorphic family of homeomorphisms $F_z$, |z|<1, of the Riemann sphere. (An earlier result of the author.) It is shown below that there exist extensions $F_z$ which, in addition, commute with some holomorphic families of holomorphic endomorphisms of $ℂ̅̅̅̅̅̅f_z\left(E\right)$, |z|<1 (under suitable assumptions). The classes of covering maps and maps with the path lifting property are discussed. ...

We give a representation of the spaces $C^{\infty }\left({ℝ}^N\right)\cap H^{k,p}\left({ℝ}^N\right)$ as spaces of vector-valued sequences and use it to investigate their topological properties and isomorphic classification. In particular, it is proved that $C^{\infty }\left({ℝ}^N\right)\cap H^{k,2}\left({ℝ}^N\right)$ is isomorphic to the sequence space $s^{\mathbb{N}}\cap l^2\left(l^2\right)$, thereby showing that the isomorphy class does not depend on the dimension N if p=2.

Let D be a bounded strictly pseudoconvex domain of ${ℂ}^n$ with smooth boundary. We consider the weighted mixed-norm spaces $A_{\delta ,k}^{p,q}\left(D\right)$ of holomorphic functions with norm $\parallel f{\parallel }_{p,q,\delta ,k}=({\sum }_{\left|\alpha \right|\le k}{ʃ}_0^{r_0}({ʃ}_{\partial D_r}|D^{\alpha }{f|}^{p}d{\sigma }_r{{)}^{q/p}{r}^{\delta q/p-1}dr)}^{1/q}$. We prove that these spaces can be obtained by real interpolation between Bergman-Sobolev spaces $A_{\delta ,k}^p\left(D\right)$ and we give results about real and complex interpolation between them. We apply these results to prove that $A_{\delta ,k}^{p,q}\left(D\right)$ is the intersection of a Besov space $B_s^{p,q}\left(D\right)$ with the space of holomorphic functions on D. Further, we obtain several properties...

We prove that every quotient algebra of a unital Banach function algebra A has a unique complete norm if A is a Ditkin algebra. The theorem applies, for example, to the algebra A (Γ) of Fourier transforms of the group algebra $L^1\left(G\right)$ of a locally compact abelian group (with identity adjoined if Γ is not compact). In such algebras non-semisimple quotients $A\left(\Gamma \right)/\overline{J\left(E\right)}$ arise from closed subsets E of Γ which are sets of non-synthesis. Examples are given to show that the condition of Ditkin cannot be relaxed....

We give an example of a compact set K ⊂ [0, 1] such that the space ℇ(K) of Whitney functions is isomorphic to the space s of rapidly decreasing sequences, and hence there exists a linear continuous extension operator $L:ℇ\left(K\right)\to C^{\infty }[0,1]$. At the same time, Markov’s inequality is not satisfied for certain polynomials on K.

It is shown that an orthonormal wavelet basis for $L^2\left(ℝ\right)$ associated with a multiresolution is an unconditional basis for $L^p\left(ℝ\right)$, 1 < p < ∞, provided the father wavelet is bounded and decays sufficiently rapidly at infinity.

For U open in a locally convex space E it is shown in [31] that there is a complete locally convex space G(U) such that $G{\left(U\right)}_i^{\text{'}}=(\mathscr{H}\left(U\right),{\tau }_{\delta })$. Here, we assume U is balanced open in a Fréchet space and give necessary and sufficient conditions for G(U) to be Montel and reflexive. These results give an insight into the relationship between the ${\tau }_0$ and ${\tau }_{\omega }$ topologies on ℋ (U).