Let r,m be positive integers with r > 1, m even, and A,B be integers satisfying $A+B\surd (-1)={(m+\surd (-1))}^r$. We prove that the Diophantine equation ${\left|A\right|}^x+{\left|B\right|}^y={(m²+1)}^z$ has no positive integer solutions in (x,y,z) other than (x,y,z) = (2,2,r), whenever $r>{10}^{74}$ or $m>{10}^{34}$. Our result is an explicit refinement of a theorem due to F. Luca.

We study the Diophantine equations ${(k!)}^n-k^n={(n!)}^k-n^k$ and ${(k!)}^n+k^n={(n!)}^k+n^k,$ where $k$ and $n$ are positive integers. We show that the first one holds if and only if $k=n$ or $(k,n)=(1,2),(2,1)$ and that the second one holds if and only if $k=n$.

In this paper, we find all the solutions of the Diophantine equation $B_1^p+2B_2^p+\cdots +k{B}_k^p=B_n^q$ in positive integer variables $(k,n)$, where $B_i$ is the $i^{th}$ balancing number if the exponents $p$, $q$ are included in the set $\{1,2\}$.

Let $p$ be an odd prime. By using the elementary methods we prove that: (1) if $2\nmid x$, $p\equiv \pm 3(mod8),$ the Diophantine equation $(2^x-1)(p^y-1)=2z^2$ has no positive integer solution except when $p=3$ or $p$ is of the form $p=2a_0^2+1$, where $a_0>1$ is an odd positive integer. (2) if $2\nmid x$, $2\mid y$, $y\ne 2,4,$ then the Diophantine equation $(2^x-1)(p^y-1)=2z^2$ has no positive integer solution.

Let $F_n$ denote the $n^{th}$ term of the Fibonacci sequence. In this paper, we investigate the Diophantine equation $F_1^p+2F_2^p+\cdots +k{F}_k^p=F_n^q$ in the positive integers $k$ and $n$, where $p$ and $q$ are given positive integers. A complete solution is given if the exponents are included in the set $\{1,2\}$. Based on the specific cases we could solve, and a computer search with $p,q,k\le 100$ we conjecture that beside the trivial solutions only $F_8=F_1+2F_2+3F_3+4F_4$, $F_4^2=F_1+2F_2+3F_3$, and $F_4^3=F_1^3+2F_2^3+3F_3^3$ satisfy the title equation.

Let $p$ be a fixed odd prime. We combine some properties of quadratic and quartic Diophantine equations with elementary number theory methods to determine all integral points on the elliptic curve $E:y^2=x^3-4p^{2}x$. Further, let $N\left(p\right)$ denote the number of pairs of integral points $(x,\pm y)$ on $E$ with $y>0$. We prove that if $p\ge 17$, then $N\left(p\right)\le 4$ or $1$ depending on whether $p\equiv 1(mod8)$ or $p\equiv -1(mod8)$.

S. S. Pillai proved that for a fixed positive integer $a$, the exponential Diophantine equation $x^y-y^x=a$, $min(x,y)>1$, has only finitely many solutions in integers $x$ and $y$. We prove that when $a$ is of the form $2z^2$, the above equation has no solution in integers $x$ and $y$ with $gcd(x,y)=1$.

Let ${\left(G_n\right)}_{n\ge 1}$ be a binary linear recurrence sequence that is represented by the Lucas sequences of the first and second kind, which are $\left\{U_n\right\}$ and $\left\{V_n\right\}$, respectively. We show that the Diophantine equation $G_n=B·(g^{lm}-1)/(g^l-1)$ has only finitely many solutions in $n,m\in {\mathbb{Z}}^{+}$, where $g\ge 2$, $l$ is even and $1\le B\le g^l-1$. Furthermore, these solutions can be effectively determined by reducing such equation to biquadratic elliptic curves. Then, by a result of Baker (and its best improvement due to Hajdu and Herendi) related to the bounds of the integral...

We consider the Lebesgue-Ramanujan-Nagell type equation $x^2+5^a{13}^b{17}^c=2^m{y}^n$, where $a,b,c,m\ge 0,n\ge 3$ and $x,y\ge 1$ are unknown integers with $gcd(x,y)=1$. We determine all integer solutions to the above equation. The proof depends on the classical results of Bilu, Hanrot and Voutier on primitive divisors in Lehmer sequences, and finding all $S$-integral points on a class of elliptic curves.

The triples $(x,y,z)=(1,z^z-1,z)$, $(x,y,z)=(z^z-1,1,z)$, where $z\in \mathbb{N}$, satisfy the equation $x^y+y^x=z^z$. In this paper it is shown that the same equation has no integer solution with $min\{x,y,z\}>1$, thus a conjecture put forward by Z. Zhang, J. Luo, P. Z. Yuan (2013) is confirmed.

In this paper, we find all integer solutions $(x,y,n,a,b,c)$ of the equation in the title for non-negative integers $a,b$ and $c$ under the condition that the integers $x$ and $y$ are relatively prime and $n\ge 3$. The proof depends on the famous primitive divisor theorem due to Bilu, Hanrot and Voutier and the computational techniques on some elliptic curves.

Let g ≥ 2 be an integer and ${}_g\subset \mathbb{N}$ be the set of repdigits in base g. Let ${}_g$ be the set of Diophantine triples with values in ${}_g$; that is, ${}_g$ is the set of all triples (a,b,c) ∈ ℕ³ with c < b < a such that ab + 1, ac + 1 and bc + 1 lie in the set ${}_g$. We prove effective finiteness results for the set ${}_g$.

Let ${\left(L_n\right)}_{n\ge 0}$ be the Lucas sequence. We show that the Diophantine equation $L_n-L_m=M_k$ has only the nonnegative integer solutions $(n,m,k)=(2,0,1)$, $(3,1,2)$, $(3,2,1)$, $(4,3,2)$, $(5,3,3)$, $(6,2,4)$, $(6,5,3)$ where $M_k=2^k-1$ is the $k$th Mersenne number and $n>m$.