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Interrelation of algebraic, semantical and logical properties for superintuitionistic and modal logics

Larisa Maksimova (1999)

Banach Center Publications

We consider the families 𝓛 of propositional superintuitionistic logics (s.i.l.) and NE(K) of normal modal logics (n.m.l.). It is well known that there is a duality between 𝓛 and the lattice of varieties of pseudo-boolean algebras (or Heyting algebras), and also NE(K) is dually isomorphic to the lattice of varieties of modal algebras. Many important properties of logics, for instance, Craig's interpolation property (CIP), the disjunction property (DP), the Beth property (BP), Hallden-completeness...

Introduction to Diophantine Approximation

Yasushige Watase (2015)

Formalized Mathematics

In this article we formalize some results of Diophantine approximation, i.e. the approximation of an irrational number by rationals. A typical example is finding an integer solution (x, y) of the inequality |xθ − y| ≤ 1/x, where 0 is a real number. First, we formalize some lemmas about continued fractions. Then we prove that the inequality has infinitely many solutions by continued fractions. Finally, we formalize Dirichlet’s proof (1842) of existence of the solution [12], [1].

Introduction to Formal Preference Spaces

Eliza Niewiadomska, Adam Grabowski (2013)

Formalized Mathematics

In the article the formal characterization of preference spaces [1] is given. As the preference relation is one of the very basic notions of mathematical economics [9], it prepares some ground for a more thorough formalization of consumer theory (although some work has already been done - see [17]). There was an attempt to formalize similar results in Mizar, but this work seems still unfinished [18]. There are many approaches to preferences in literature. We modelled them in a rather illustrative...

Introduction to Liouville Numbers

Adam Grabowski, Artur Korniłowicz (2017)

Formalized Mathematics

The article defines Liouville numbers, originally introduced by Joseph Liouville in 1844 [17] as an example of an object which can be approximated “quite closely” by a sequence of rational numbers. A real number x is a Liouville number iff for every positive integer n, there exist integers p and q such that q > 1 and [...] It is easy to show that all Liouville numbers are irrational. Liouville constant, which is also defined formally, is the first transcendental (not algebraic) number. It is...

Introduzione delle variabili nel quadro delle teorie base dei Fondamenti della Matematica

Ennio De Giorgi, Marco Forti, Giacomo Lenzi (1994)

Atti della Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei. Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturali. Rendiconti Lincei. Matematica e Applicazioni

Introduciamo la nozione di variabile nel quadro assiomatico delle teorie base dei Fondamenti della Matematica [9]. In tale quadro le variabili sono inserite come oggetti «unari», assumono valori di varie specie, possono essere connesse da correlazioni (o corrispondenze) e ammettono rappresentazioni funzionali locali. Gli assiomi sulle variabili sono scelti tenendo presenti gli usi più frequenti del termine «variabile» in Analisi Matematica, Fisica Matematica, Algebra, Geometria, Logica e in molte...

Isomorphisms of Direct Products of Cyclic Groups of Prime Power Order

Hiroshi Yamazaki, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Kazuhisa Nakasho, Yasunari Shidama (2013)

Formalized Mathematics

In this paper we formalized some theorems concerning the cyclic groups of prime power order. We formalize that every commutative cyclic group of prime power order is isomorphic to a direct product of family of cyclic groups [1], [18].

Isomorphisms of Direct Products of Finite Commutative Groups

Hiroyuki Okazaki, Hiroshi Yamazaki, Yasunari Shidama (2013)

Formalized Mathematics

We have been working on the formalization of groups. In [1], we encoded some theorems concerning the product of cyclic groups. In this article, we present the generalized formalization of [1]. First, we show that every finite commutative group which order is composite number is isomorphic to a direct product of finite commutative groups which orders are relatively prime. Next, we describe finite direct products of finite commutative groups

Isomorphisms of Direct Products of Finite Cyclic Groups

Kenichi Arai, Hiroyuki Okazaki, Yasunari Shidama (2012)

Formalized Mathematics

In this article, we formalize that every finite cyclic group is isomorphic to a direct product of finite cyclic groups which orders are relative prime. This theorem is closely related to the Chinese Remainder theorem ([18]) and is a useful lemma to prove the basis theorem for finite abelian groups and the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups. Moreover, we formalize some facts about the product of a finite sequence of abelian groups.

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